{"id":30245,"date":"2018-07-30T19:08:08","date_gmt":"2018-07-30T13:38:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3-inst.toejvy8-liquidwebsites.com\/?p=30245"},"modified":"2018-07-30T19:08:08","modified_gmt":"2018-07-30T13:38:08","slug":"capacitance-and-capacitive-reactance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrumentationtools.com\/capacitance-and-capacitive-reactance\/","title":{"rendered":"Capacitance and Capacitive Reactance"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Capacitors<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The variation of an alternating voltage applied to a <a href=\"https:\/\/instrumentationtools.com\/capacitor\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">capacitor<\/a>, the charge on the capacitor, and the current flowing through the capacitor are represented by Figure 3.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30252\" src=\"https:\/\/instrumentationtools.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Current-in-a-Capacitor.png\" alt=\"Current in a Capacitor\" width=\"634\" height=\"525\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Figure 3 : Voltage, Charge, and Current in a Capacitor<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The current flow in a circuit containing capacitance depends on the rate at which the voltage changes. The current flow in Figure 3 is greatest at points a, c, and e. At these points, the voltage is changing at its maximum rate (i.e., passing through zero).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Between points a and b, the voltage and charge are increasing, and the current flow is into the capacitor, but decreasing in value. At point b, the capacitor is fully charged, and the current is zero. From points b to c, the voltage and charge are decreasing as the capacitor discharges, and its current flows in a direction opposite to the voltage. From points c to d, the capacitor begins to charge in the opposite direction, and the voltage and current are again in the same direction.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">At point d, the capacitor is fully charged, and the current flow is again zero. From points d to e, the capacitor discharges, and the flow of current is opposite to the voltage. Figure 3 shows the current leading the applied voltage by 90\u00b0. In any purely capacitive circuit, current leads applied voltage by 90\u00b0.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Capacitive Reactance<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Capacitive reactance is the opposition by a capacitor or a <a href=\"https:\/\/instrumentationtools.com\/capacitance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">capacitive circuit<\/a> to the flow of current. The current flowing in a capacitive circuit is directly proportional to the capacitance and to the rate at which the applied voltage is changing. The rate at which the applied voltage is changing is determined by the frequency of the supply; therefore, if the frequency of the capacitance of a given circuit is increased, the current flow will increase.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It can also be said that if the frequency or capacitance is increased, the opposition to current flow decreases; therefore, capacitive reactance, which is the opposition to current flow, is inversely proportional to\u00a0frequency and capacitance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Capacitive reactance X<sub>C<\/sub>, is measured in ohms, as is inductive reactance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The below Equation is a mathematical representation for capacitive reactance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30253\" src=\"https:\/\/instrumentationtools.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Capacitive-Reactance.png\" alt=\"Capacitive Reactance\" width=\"290\" height=\"86\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">where<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">f = frequency (Hz)<br \/>\n\u03c0 = ~3.14<br \/>\nC = capacitance (farads)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The below Equation is the mathematical representation of capacitive reactance when capacitance is expressed in microfarads (\u00b5F).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30255\" src=\"https:\/\/instrumentationtools.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Capacitive-Reactance-equation.png\" alt=\"Capacitive Reactance equation\" width=\"306\" height=\"91\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The below Equation is the mathematical representation for the current that flows in a circuit with only capacitive reactance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30256\" src=\"https:\/\/instrumentationtools.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Capacitive-Reactance-and-Current-flow-equation.png\" alt=\"Capacitive Reactance and Current flow equation\" width=\"266\" height=\"88\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">where<br \/>\nI = effective current (A)<br \/>\nE = effective voltage across the capacitive reactance (V)<br \/>\nX<sub>C\u00a0<\/sub>= capacitive reactance (\u2126)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A 10\u00b5F capacitor is connected to a 120V, 60Hz power source (see Figure 4). Find the capacitive reactance and the current flowing in the circuit. Draw the phasor diagram.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30257\" src=\"https:\/\/instrumentationtools.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Find-the-capacitive-reactance-and-draw-phasor-diagram.png\" alt=\"Find the capacitive reactance and draw phasor diagram\" width=\"689\" height=\"274\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Figure 4 : Circuit and Phasor Diagram<\/p>\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. Capacitive reactance<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-30255 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/instrumentationtools.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Capacitive-Reactance-equation.png\" alt=\"Capacitive Reactance equation\" width=\"306\" height=\"91\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">X<sub>C\u00a0<\/sub>=\u00a0\u00a01,000,000 \/ [\u00a0(2)(3.14)(60)(10) ]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">X<sub>C\u00a0<\/sub>=\u00a0\u00a01,000,000 \/ 3768 = 265.4\u00a0\u2126<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. Current flowing in the circuit<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-30256 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/instrumentationtools.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Capacitive-Reactance-and-Current-flow-equation.png\" alt=\"Capacitive Reactance and Current flow equation\" width=\"266\" height=\"88\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">I = 120 \/ 265.4 = 0.452 amps<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. Phasor diagram showing current leading voltage by 90\u00b0 is drawn in Figure 4b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Capacitors The variation of an alternating voltage applied to a capacitor, the charge on the capacitor, and the current flowing through the capacitor are represented by Figure 3. Figure 3 : Voltage, Charge, and Current in a Capacitor The current flow in a circuit containing capacitance depends on the rate at which the voltage changes. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30252,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[52403],"tags":[52414,3830,52916,52915,52917,52914,52913,52911,52908,52909,52912,52910,52907],"class_list":{"0":"post-30245","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-electrical-theory","8":"tag-capacitance","9":"tag-capacitive-reactance","10":"tag-capacitive-reactance-and-capacitance","11":"tag-capacitive-reactance-and-current","12":"tag-capacitive-reactance-and-current-flow-equation","13":"tag-capacitive-reactance-and-frequency","14":"tag-capacitive-reactance-and-inductive-reactance","15":"tag-capacitive-reactance-definition","16":"tag-capacitive-reactance-equation","17":"tag-capacitive-reactance-formula","18":"tag-capacitive-reactance-to-capacitance","19":"tag-capacitive-reactance-unit","20":"tag-current-in-a-capacitor"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Capacitance and Capacitive Reactance - Inst Tools<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/instrumentationtools.com\/capacitance-and-capacitive-reactance\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Capacitance and Capacitive Reactance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Capacitors The variation of an alternating voltage applied to a capacitor, the charge on the capacitor, and the current flowing through the capacitor are represented by Figure 3. 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