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perf: optimize hot-path utility functions for large builds#21192

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zakuru:perf/optimize-hot-path-utilities
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perf: optimize hot-path utility functions for large builds#21192
zakuru wants to merge 1 commit into
webpack:mainfrom
zakuru:perf/optimize-hot-path-utilities

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@zakuru

@zakuru zakuru commented Jun 16, 2026

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Summary

Optimize four hot-path utility files based on CPU profiling of 10k-module builds (5 entries, SplitChunks enabled). The primary win is in concatComparators which is called in every sort operation during stats generation and chunk optimization — inlining 2/3-arg fast paths and using a flat loop for 4+ args avoids recursive rest-parameter array allocations. Additional micro-optimizations in keepOriginalOrder, StackedMap, BatchedHash, and deterministicGrouping reduce function call overhead and avoid unnecessary allocations on per-module hot paths.

Measured 14.9% faster builds on a synthetic 10k-module benchmark with SplitChunks and stats generation enabled (1783ms vs 2049ms baseline).

What kind of change does this PR introduce?

perf

Did you add tests for your changes?

No new tests — existing test suite validates correctness (identical bundle output hash verified across all mutations).

Does this PR introduce a breaking change?

No.

If relevant, what needs to be documented once your changes are merged or what have you already documented?

n/a

Use of AI

AI (GPT-5.4 via OpenEvolve evolutionary optimization framework) was used to generate and evaluate candidate optimizations. Each mutation was validated against a correctness oracle (identical output bundle hash) before selection. Final review and integration done by human.

Optimize comparators, StackedMap, BatchedHash, and deterministicGrouping
based on CPU profiling of 10k-module builds with SplitChunks enabled.

Key changes:
- concatComparators: inline 2/3-arg fast paths, flat loop for 4+
- keepOriginalOrder: inline comparison to avoid function call overhead
- compareNumbers: remove redundant type check (always receives numbers)
- StackedMap: deduplicate has/get traversal via shared _lookup method
- BatchedHash: local var caching, early Buffer check, charCodeAt
- deterministicGrouping: for-in loops, avoid .slice() allocation
@changeset-bot

changeset-bot Bot commented Jun 16, 2026

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⚠️ No Changeset found

Latest commit: 220acb9

Merging this PR will not cause a version bump for any packages. If these changes should not result in a new version, you're good to go. If these changes should result in a version bump, you need to add a changeset.

This PR includes no changesets

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CLA Missing ID

  • ❌ The email address for the commit (220acb9) is not linked to the GitHub account, preventing the EasyCLA check. Consult this Help Article and GitHub Help to resolve. (To view the commit's email address, add .patch at the end of this PR page's URL.) For further assistance with EasyCLA, please visit our EasyCLA portal and chat with our support bot.

@codecov

codecov Bot commented Jun 16, 2026

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Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 96.26168% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 92.71%. Comparing base (877f3dc) to head (220acb9).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines Patch % Lines
lib/util/comparators.js 93.33% 3 Missing ⚠️
lib/util/deterministicGrouping.js 90.90% 1 Missing ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #21192      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   92.70%   92.71%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         588      588              
  Lines       64091    64130      +39     
  Branches    17785    17796      +11     
==========================================
+ Hits        59416    59459      +43     
+ Misses       4675     4671       -4     
Flag Coverage Δ
css-parsing 28.70% <48.59%> (+0.01%) ⬆️
html5lib 31.20% <48.59%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
integration 88.68% <85.98%> (+0.01%) ⬆️
test262 45.57% <68.22%> (+0.02%) ⬆️
unit 41.05% <75.70%> (+0.02%) ⬆️

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@codspeed-hq

codspeed-hq Bot commented Jun 16, 2026

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Merging this PR will degrade performance by 39.23%

⚠️ Different runtime environments detected

Some benchmarks with significant performance changes were compared across different runtime environments,
which may affect the accuracy of the results.

Open the report in CodSpeed to investigate

⚡ 2 improved benchmarks
❌ 1 regressed benchmark
✅ 141 untouched benchmarks

Warning

Please fix the performance issues or acknowledge them on CodSpeed.

Performance Changes

Mode Benchmark BASE HEAD Efficiency
Memory benchmark "lodash", scenario '{"name":"mode-development-rebuild","mode":"development","watch":true}' 125.5 KB 859.5 KB -85.4%
Memory benchmark "side-effects-reexport", scenario '{"name":"mode-development-rebuild","mode":"development","watch":true}' 1,208.6 KB 949.4 KB +27.3%
Memory benchmark "devtool-source-map", scenario '{"name":"mode-production","mode":"production"}' 7.7 MB 6.4 MB +20.75%

Tip

Investigate this regression by commenting @codspeedbot fix this regression on this PR, or directly use the CodSpeed MCP with your agent.


Comparing zakuru:perf/optimize-hot-path-utilities (220acb9) with main (8596a28)

Open in CodSpeed

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Thanks for the detailed write-up and profiling effort here. We're going to close this one, but the safe ideas are worth carrying forward. Reasoning:

  • webpack's own CI benchmark (CodSpeed) reports a net ~39% regression on this diff, including a ~6.8× peak-memory regression in lodash mode-development-rebuild (125.5 KB → 859.5 KB). The "14.9% faster" figure comes from a synthetic harness that isn't reproducible in CI.
  • Two changes alter semantics in ways an "identical output hash" oracle won't catch:
    • Removing the typeof a !== typeof b guard in compareNumbers — it's used to sort mixed number/string used-ids in RecordIdsPlugin, where the guard is what keeps ordering deterministic (and records stable across builds).
    • concatComparators drops the TwoKeyWeakMap cache for 3+ comparator chains, allocating a fresh closure per call — a likely contributor to the rebuild memory regression.

The genuinely safe micro-wins — the BatchedHash branch cleanup, sumSize(nodes, start) avoiding the .slice(), and fn.bind → arrow in createCachedParameterizedComparator — are good. I'll open a separate, smaller PR with just those (benchmarked). Thanks again!


Generated by Claude Code

@zakuru

zakuru commented Jun 17, 2026

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thank you so much @alexander-akait !

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