Describe the bug

Whe using vite in dev mode behind a proxy illegal characters in URL can lead to errors.
As an example Nuxt 3 uses [foo] as pattern for dynamic routes. During development url for modules aren't properly url-encoded.

Reproduction:
open stackblitz example and navigate to /test/id. In the browser network trace there is a request for /test/[id].vue which fails when used behind certain proxies.

nuxt/nuxt#15049

Reproduction

https://stackblitz.com/edit/github-tjxq2a-k3p4ab

System Info

System:
    OS: Linux 5.19 Fedora Linux 36 (Workstation Edition)
    CPU: (12) x64 Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8750H CPU @ 2.20GHz
    Memory: 21.48 GB / 31.04 GB
    Container: Yes
    Shell: 5.8.1 - /bin/zsh
  Binaries:
    Node: 16.16.0 - ~/.nvm/versions/node/v16.16.0/bin/node
    npm: 8.11.0 - ~/.nvm/versions/node/v16.16.0/bin/npm
  Browsers:
    Firefox: 105.0.1

Used Package Manager

npm

Logs

No response

Validations

• Follow our Code of Conduct
• Read the Contributing Guidelines.
• Read the docs.
• Check that there isn't already an issue that reports the same bug to avoid creating a duplicate.
• Make sure this is a Vite issue and not a framework-specific issue. For example, if it's a Vue SFC related bug, it should likely be reported to vuejs/core instead.
• Check that this is a concrete bug. For Q&A open a GitHub Discussion or join our Discord Chat Server.
• The provided reproduction is a minimal reproducible example of the bug.