-
-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 2.5k
Expand file tree
/
Copy pathImage.py
More file actions
4376 lines (3609 loc) · 150 KB
/
Copy pathImage.py
File metadata and controls
4376 lines (3609 loc) · 150 KB
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# the Image class wrapper
#
# partial release history:
# 1995-09-09 fl Created
# 1996-03-11 fl PIL release 0.0 (proof of concept)
# 1996-04-30 fl PIL release 0.1b1
# 1999-07-28 fl PIL release 1.0 final
# 2000-06-07 fl PIL release 1.1
# 2000-10-20 fl PIL release 1.1.1
# 2001-05-07 fl PIL release 1.1.2
# 2002-03-15 fl PIL release 1.1.3
# 2003-05-10 fl PIL release 1.1.4
# 2005-03-28 fl PIL release 1.1.5
# 2006-12-02 fl PIL release 1.1.6
# 2009-11-15 fl PIL release 1.1.7
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2009 by Secret Labs AB. All rights reserved.
# Copyright (c) 1995-2009 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import abc
import atexit
import builtins
import io
import logging
import math
import os
import re
import struct
import sys
import tempfile
import warnings
from collections.abc import MutableMapping
from enum import IntEnum
from typing import IO, Protocol, cast
# VERSION was removed in Pillow 6.0.0.
# PILLOW_VERSION was removed in Pillow 9.0.0.
# Use __version__ instead.
from . import (
ExifTags,
ImageMode,
TiffTags,
UnidentifiedImageError,
__version__,
_plugins,
)
from ._binary import i32le, o32be, o32le
from ._deprecate import deprecate
from ._util import DeferredError, is_path
ElementTree: ModuleType | None
try:
from defusedxml import ElementTree
except ImportError:
ElementTree = None
TYPE_CHECKING = False
if TYPE_CHECKING:
from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator, Sequence
from types import ModuleType
from typing import Any, Literal
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class DecompressionBombWarning(RuntimeWarning):
pass
class DecompressionBombError(Exception):
pass
WARN_POSSIBLE_FORMATS: bool = False
# Limit to around a quarter gigabyte for a 24-bit (3 bpp) image
MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS: int | None = int(1024 * 1024 * 1024 // 4 // 3)
try:
# If the _imaging C module is not present, Pillow will not load.
# Note that other modules should not refer to _imaging directly;
# import Image and use the Image.core variable instead.
# Also note that Image.core is not a publicly documented interface,
# and should be considered private and subject to change.
from . import _imaging as core
if __version__ != getattr(core, "PILLOW_VERSION", None):
msg = (
"The _imaging extension was built for another version of Pillow or PIL:\n"
f"Core version: {getattr(core, 'PILLOW_VERSION', None)}\n"
f"Pillow version: {__version__}"
)
raise ImportError(msg)
except ImportError as v:
# Explanations for ways that we know we might have an import error
if str(v).startswith("Module use of python"):
# The _imaging C module is present, but not compiled for
# the right version (windows only). Print a warning, if
# possible.
warnings.warn(
"The _imaging extension was built for another version of Python.",
RuntimeWarning,
)
elif str(v).startswith("The _imaging extension"):
warnings.warn(str(v), RuntimeWarning)
# Fail here anyway. Don't let people run with a mostly broken Pillow.
# see docs/porting.rst
raise
#
# Constants
# transpose
class Transpose(IntEnum):
FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT = 0
FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM = 1
ROTATE_90 = 2
ROTATE_180 = 3
ROTATE_270 = 4
TRANSPOSE = 5
TRANSVERSE = 6
# transforms (also defined in Imaging.h)
class Transform(IntEnum):
AFFINE = 0
EXTENT = 1
PERSPECTIVE = 2
QUAD = 3
MESH = 4
# resampling filters (also defined in Imaging.h)
class Resampling(IntEnum):
NEAREST = 0
BOX = 4
BILINEAR = 2
HAMMING = 5
BICUBIC = 3
LANCZOS = 1
_filters_support = {
Resampling.BOX: 0.5,
Resampling.BILINEAR: 1.0,
Resampling.HAMMING: 1.0,
Resampling.BICUBIC: 2.0,
Resampling.LANCZOS: 3.0,
}
# dithers
class Dither(IntEnum):
NONE = 0
ORDERED = 1 # Not yet implemented
RASTERIZE = 2 # Not yet implemented
FLOYDSTEINBERG = 3 # default
# palettes/quantizers
class Palette(IntEnum):
WEB = 0
ADAPTIVE = 1
class Quantize(IntEnum):
MEDIANCUT = 0
MAXCOVERAGE = 1
FASTOCTREE = 2
LIBIMAGEQUANT = 3
module = sys.modules[__name__]
for enum in (Transpose, Transform, Resampling, Dither, Palette, Quantize):
for item in enum:
setattr(module, item.name, item.value)
if hasattr(core, "DEFAULT_STRATEGY"):
DEFAULT_STRATEGY = core.DEFAULT_STRATEGY
FILTERED = core.FILTERED
HUFFMAN_ONLY = core.HUFFMAN_ONLY
RLE = core.RLE
FIXED = core.FIXED
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registries
TYPE_CHECKING = False
if TYPE_CHECKING:
import mmap
from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element
from IPython.lib.pretty import PrettyPrinter
from . import ImageFile, ImageFilter, ImagePalette, ImageQt, TiffImagePlugin
from ._typing import CapsuleType, NumpyArray, StrOrBytesPath
ID: list[str] = []
OPEN: dict[
str,
tuple[
Callable[[IO[bytes], str | bytes], ImageFile.ImageFile],
Callable[[bytes], bool | str] | None,
],
] = {}
MIME: dict[str, str] = {}
SAVE: dict[str, Callable[[Image, IO[bytes], str | bytes], None]] = {}
SAVE_ALL: dict[str, Callable[[Image, IO[bytes], str | bytes], None]] = {}
EXTENSION: dict[str, str] = {}
DECODERS: dict[str, type[ImageFile.PyDecoder]] = {}
ENCODERS: dict[str, type[ImageFile.PyEncoder]] = {}
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Modes
_ENDIAN = "<" if sys.byteorder == "little" else ">"
def _conv_type_shape(im: Image) -> tuple[tuple[int, ...], str]:
m = ImageMode.getmode(im.mode)
shape: tuple[int, ...] = (im.height, im.width)
extra = len(m.bands)
if extra != 1:
shape += (extra,)
return shape, m.typestr
MODES = [
"1",
"CMYK",
"F",
"HSV",
"I",
"I;16",
"I;16B",
"I;16L",
"I;16N",
"L",
"LA",
"La",
"LAB",
"P",
"PA",
"RGB",
"RGBA",
"RGBa",
"RGBX",
"YCbCr",
]
# raw modes that may be memory mapped. NOTE: if you change this, you
# may have to modify the stride calculation in map.c too!
_MAPMODES = ("L", "P", "RGBX", "RGBA", "CMYK", "I;16", "I;16L", "I;16B")
def getmodebase(mode: str) -> str:
"""
Gets the "base" mode for given mode. This function returns "L" for
images that contain grayscale data, and "RGB" for images that
contain color data.
:param mode: Input mode.
:returns: "L" or "RGB".
:exception KeyError: If the input mode was not a standard mode.
"""
return ImageMode.getmode(mode).basemode
def getmodetype(mode: str) -> str:
"""
Gets the storage type mode. Given a mode, this function returns a
single-layer mode suitable for storing individual bands.
:param mode: Input mode.
:returns: "L", "I", or "F".
:exception KeyError: If the input mode was not a standard mode.
"""
return ImageMode.getmode(mode).basetype
def getmodebandnames(mode: str) -> tuple[str, ...]:
"""
Gets a list of individual band names. Given a mode, this function returns
a tuple containing the names of individual bands (use
:py:method:`~PIL.Image.getmodetype` to get the mode used to store each
individual band.
:param mode: Input mode.
:returns: A tuple containing band names. The length of the tuple
gives the number of bands in an image of the given mode.
:exception KeyError: If the input mode was not a standard mode.
"""
return ImageMode.getmode(mode).bands
def getmodebands(mode: str) -> int:
"""
Gets the number of individual bands for this mode.
:param mode: Input mode.
:returns: The number of bands in this mode.
:exception KeyError: If the input mode was not a standard mode.
"""
return len(ImageMode.getmode(mode).bands)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Helpers
_initialized = 0
# Mapping from file extension to plugin module name for lazy importing
_EXTENSION_PLUGIN: dict[str, str] = {
# Common formats (preinit)
".bmp": "BmpImagePlugin",
".dib": "BmpImagePlugin",
".gif": "GifImagePlugin",
".jfif": "JpegImagePlugin",
".jpe": "JpegImagePlugin",
".jpg": "JpegImagePlugin",
".jpeg": "JpegImagePlugin",
".pbm": "PpmImagePlugin",
".pgm": "PpmImagePlugin",
".pnm": "PpmImagePlugin",
".ppm": "PpmImagePlugin",
".pfm": "PpmImagePlugin",
".png": "PngImagePlugin",
".apng": "PngImagePlugin",
# Less common formats (init)
".avif": "AvifImagePlugin",
".avifs": "AvifImagePlugin",
".blp": "BlpImagePlugin",
".bufr": "BufrStubImagePlugin",
".cur": "CurImagePlugin",
".dcx": "DcxImagePlugin",
".dds": "DdsImagePlugin",
".ps": "EpsImagePlugin",
".eps": "EpsImagePlugin",
".fit": "FitsImagePlugin",
".fits": "FitsImagePlugin",
".fli": "FliImagePlugin",
".flc": "FliImagePlugin",
".fpx": "FpxImagePlugin",
".ftc": "FtexImagePlugin",
".ftu": "FtexImagePlugin",
".gbr": "GbrImagePlugin",
".grib": "GribStubImagePlugin",
".h5": "Hdf5StubImagePlugin",
".hdf": "Hdf5StubImagePlugin",
".icns": "IcnsImagePlugin",
".ico": "IcoImagePlugin",
".im": "ImImagePlugin",
".iim": "IptcImagePlugin",
".jp2": "Jpeg2KImagePlugin",
".j2k": "Jpeg2KImagePlugin",
".jpc": "Jpeg2KImagePlugin",
".jpf": "Jpeg2KImagePlugin",
".jpx": "Jpeg2KImagePlugin",
".j2c": "Jpeg2KImagePlugin",
".mic": "MicImagePlugin",
".mpg": "MpegImagePlugin",
".mpeg": "MpegImagePlugin",
".mpo": "MpoImagePlugin",
".msp": "MspImagePlugin",
".palm": "PalmImagePlugin",
".pcd": "PcdImagePlugin",
".pcx": "PcxImagePlugin",
".pdf": "PdfImagePlugin",
".pxr": "PixarImagePlugin",
".psd": "PsdImagePlugin",
".qoi": "QoiImagePlugin",
".bw": "SgiImagePlugin",
".rgb": "SgiImagePlugin",
".rgba": "SgiImagePlugin",
".sgi": "SgiImagePlugin",
".ras": "SunImagePlugin",
".tga": "TgaImagePlugin",
".icb": "TgaImagePlugin",
".vda": "TgaImagePlugin",
".vst": "TgaImagePlugin",
".tif": "TiffImagePlugin",
".tiff": "TiffImagePlugin",
".webp": "WebPImagePlugin",
".wmf": "WmfImagePlugin",
".emf": "WmfImagePlugin",
".xbm": "XbmImagePlugin",
".xpm": "XpmImagePlugin",
}
def _import_plugin_for_extension(ext: str | bytes) -> bool:
"""Import only the plugin needed for a specific file extension."""
if not ext:
return False
if isinstance(ext, bytes):
ext = ext.decode()
ext = ext.lower()
if ext in EXTENSION:
return True
plugin = _EXTENSION_PLUGIN.get(ext)
if plugin is None:
return False
try:
logger.debug("Importing %s", plugin)
__import__(f"{__spec__.parent}.{plugin}", globals(), locals(), [])
return True
except ImportError as e:
logger.debug("Image: failed to import %s: %s", plugin, e)
return False
def preinit() -> None:
"""
Explicitly loads BMP, GIF, JPEG, PPM and PNG file format drivers.
It is called when opening or saving images.
"""
global _initialized
if _initialized >= 1:
return
try:
from . import BmpImagePlugin
assert BmpImagePlugin
except ImportError:
pass
try:
from . import GifImagePlugin
assert GifImagePlugin
except ImportError:
pass
try:
from . import JpegImagePlugin
assert JpegImagePlugin
except ImportError:
pass
try:
from . import PpmImagePlugin
assert PpmImagePlugin
except ImportError:
pass
try:
from . import PngImagePlugin
assert PngImagePlugin
except ImportError:
pass
_initialized = 1
def init() -> bool:
"""
Explicitly initializes the Python Imaging Library. This function
loads all available file format drivers.
It is called when opening or saving images if :py:meth:`~preinit()` is
insufficient, and by :py:meth:`~PIL.features.pilinfo`.
"""
global _initialized
if _initialized >= 2:
return False
for plugin in _plugins:
try:
logger.debug("Importing %s", plugin)
__import__(f"{__spec__.parent}.{plugin}", globals(), locals(), [])
except ImportError as e: # noqa: PERF203
logger.debug("Image: failed to import %s: %s", plugin, e)
if OPEN or SAVE:
_initialized = 2
return True
return False
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Codec factories (used by tobytes/frombytes and ImageFile.load)
def _getdecoder(
mode: str, decoder_name: str, args: Any, extra: tuple[Any, ...] = ()
) -> core.ImagingDecoder | ImageFile.PyDecoder:
# tweak arguments
if args is None:
args = ()
elif not isinstance(args, tuple):
args = (args,)
try:
decoder = DECODERS[decoder_name]
except KeyError:
pass
else:
return decoder(mode, *args + extra)
try:
# get decoder
decoder = getattr(core, f"{decoder_name}_decoder")
except AttributeError as e:
msg = f"decoder {decoder_name} not available"
raise OSError(msg) from e
return decoder(mode, *args + extra)
def _getencoder(
mode: str, encoder_name: str, args: Any, extra: tuple[Any, ...] = ()
) -> core.ImagingEncoder | ImageFile.PyEncoder:
# tweak arguments
if args is None:
args = ()
elif not isinstance(args, tuple):
args = (args,)
try:
encoder = ENCODERS[encoder_name]
except KeyError:
pass
else:
return encoder(mode, *args + extra)
try:
# get encoder
encoder = getattr(core, f"{encoder_name}_encoder")
except AttributeError as e:
msg = f"encoder {encoder_name} not available"
raise OSError(msg) from e
return encoder(mode, *args + extra)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Simple expression analyzer
class ImagePointTransform:
"""
Used with :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.point` for single band images with more than
8 bits, this represents an affine transformation, where the value is multiplied by
``scale`` and ``offset`` is added.
"""
def __init__(self, scale: float, offset: float) -> None:
self.scale = scale
self.offset = offset
def __neg__(self) -> ImagePointTransform:
return ImagePointTransform(-self.scale, -self.offset)
def __add__(self, other: ImagePointTransform | float) -> ImagePointTransform:
if isinstance(other, ImagePointTransform):
return ImagePointTransform(
self.scale + other.scale, self.offset + other.offset
)
return ImagePointTransform(self.scale, self.offset + other)
__radd__ = __add__
def __sub__(self, other: ImagePointTransform | float) -> ImagePointTransform:
return self + -other
def __rsub__(self, other: ImagePointTransform | float) -> ImagePointTransform:
return other + -self
def __mul__(self, other: ImagePointTransform | float) -> ImagePointTransform:
if isinstance(other, ImagePointTransform):
return NotImplemented
return ImagePointTransform(self.scale * other, self.offset * other)
__rmul__ = __mul__
def __truediv__(self, other: ImagePointTransform | float) -> ImagePointTransform:
if isinstance(other, ImagePointTransform):
return NotImplemented
return ImagePointTransform(self.scale / other, self.offset / other)
def _getscaleoffset(
expr: Callable[[ImagePointTransform], ImagePointTransform | float],
) -> tuple[float, float]:
a = expr(ImagePointTransform(1, 0))
return (a.scale, a.offset) if isinstance(a, ImagePointTransform) else (0, a)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Implementation wrapper
class SupportsGetData(Protocol):
def getdata(
self,
) -> tuple[Transform, Sequence[int]]: ...
class Image:
"""
This class represents an image object. To create
:py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image` objects, use the appropriate factory
functions. There's hardly ever any reason to call the Image constructor
directly.
* :py:func:`~PIL.Image.open`
* :py:func:`~PIL.Image.new`
* :py:func:`~PIL.Image.frombytes`
"""
format: str | None = None
format_description: str | None = None
_close_exclusive_fp_after_loading = True
def __init__(self) -> None:
# FIXME: take "new" parameters / other image?
self._im: core.ImagingCore | DeferredError | None = None
self._mode = ""
self._size = (0, 0)
self.palette: ImagePalette.ImagePalette | None = None
self.info: dict[str | tuple[int, int], Any] = {}
self.readonly = 0
self._exif: Exif | None = None
@property
def im(self) -> core.ImagingCore:
if isinstance(self._im, DeferredError):
raise self._im.ex
assert self._im is not None
return self._im
@im.setter
def im(self, im: core.ImagingCore) -> None:
self._im = im
@property
def width(self) -> int:
return self.size[0]
@property
def height(self) -> int:
return self.size[1]
@property
def size(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
return self._size
@property
def mode(self) -> str:
return self._mode
@property
def readonly(self) -> int:
return (self._im and self._im.readonly) or self._readonly
@readonly.setter
def readonly(self, readonly: int) -> None:
self._readonly = readonly
def _new(self, im: core.ImagingCore) -> Image:
new = Image()
new.im = im
new._mode = im.mode
new._size = im.size
if im.mode in ("P", "PA"):
if self.palette:
new.palette = self.palette.copy()
else:
from . import ImagePalette
new.palette = ImagePalette.ImagePalette()
new.info = self.info.copy()
return new
# Context manager support
def __enter__(self) -> Image:
return self
def __exit__(self, *args: object) -> None:
pass
def close(self) -> None:
"""
This operation will destroy the image core and release its memory.
The image data will be unusable afterward.
This function is required to close images that have multiple frames or
have not had their file read and closed by the
:py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.load` method. See :ref:`file-handling` for
more information.
"""
if getattr(self, "map", None):
if sys.platform == "win32" and hasattr(sys, "pypy_version_info"):
self.map.close()
self.map: mmap.mmap | None = None
# Instead of simply setting to None, we're setting up a
# deferred error that will better explain that the core image
# object is gone.
self._im = DeferredError(ValueError("Operation on closed image"))
def _copy(self) -> None:
self.load()
self.im = self.im.copy()
self.readonly = 0
def _ensure_mutable(self) -> None:
if self.readonly:
self._copy()
else:
self.load()
def _dump(
self, file: str | None = None, format: str | None = None, **options: Any
) -> str:
suffix = f".{format}" if format else ""
if file:
filename = file
if not filename.endswith(suffix):
filename += suffix
else:
f, filename = tempfile.mkstemp(suffix)
os.close(f)
self.save(filename, format or "PPM", **options)
return filename
def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
if self.__class__ is not other.__class__:
return False
assert isinstance(other, Image)
return (
self.mode == other.mode
and self.size == other.size
and self.info == other.info
and self.getpalette() == other.getpalette()
and self.tobytes() == other.tobytes()
)
def __repr__(self) -> str:
return (
f"<{self.__class__.__module__}.{self.__class__.__name__} "
f"image mode={self.mode} size={self.size[0]}x{self.size[1]} "
f"at 0x{id(self):X}>"
)
def _repr_pretty_(self, p: PrettyPrinter, cycle: bool) -> None:
"""IPython plain text display support"""
# Same as __repr__ but without unpredictable id(self),
# to keep Jupyter notebook `text/plain` output stable.
p.text(
f"<{self.__class__.__module__}.{self.__class__.__name__} "
f"image mode={self.mode} size={self.size[0]}x{self.size[1]}>"
)
def _repr_image(self, image_format: str, **kwargs: Any) -> bytes | None:
"""Helper function for iPython display hook.
:param image_format: Image format.
:returns: image as bytes, saved into the given format.
"""
b = io.BytesIO()
try:
self.save(b, image_format, **kwargs)
except Exception:
return None
return b.getvalue()
def _repr_png_(self) -> bytes | None:
"""iPython display hook support for PNG format.
:returns: PNG version of the image as bytes
"""
return self._repr_image("PNG", compress_level=1)
def _repr_jpeg_(self) -> bytes | None:
"""iPython display hook support for JPEG format.
:returns: JPEG version of the image as bytes
"""
return self._repr_image("JPEG")
@property
def __array_interface__(self) -> dict[str, str | bytes | int | tuple[int, ...]]:
# numpy array interface support
new: dict[str, str | bytes | int | tuple[int, ...]] = {"version": 3}
if self.mode == "1":
# Binary images need to be extended from bits to bytes
# See: https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/350
new["data"] = self.tobytes("raw", "L")
else:
new["data"] = self.tobytes()
new["shape"], new["typestr"] = _conv_type_shape(self)
return new
def __arrow_c_schema__(self) -> object:
self.load()
return self.im.__arrow_c_schema__()
def __arrow_c_array__(
self, requested_schema: object | None = None
) -> tuple[object, object]:
self.load()
return (self.im.__arrow_c_schema__(), self.im.__arrow_c_array__())
def __getstate__(self) -> list[Any]:
im_data = self.tobytes() # load image first
return [self.info, self.mode, self.size, self.getpalette(), im_data]
def __setstate__(self, state: list[Any]) -> None:
Image.__init__(self)
info, mode, size, palette, data = state[:5]
self.info = info
self._mode = mode
self._size = size
self.im = core.new(mode, size)
if mode in ("L", "LA", "P", "PA") and palette:
self.putpalette(palette)
self.frombytes(data)
def tobytes(self, encoder_name: str = "raw", *args: Any) -> bytes:
"""
Return image as a bytes object.
.. warning::
This method returns raw image data derived from Pillow's internal
storage. For compressed image data (e.g. PNG, JPEG) use
:meth:`~.save`, with a BytesIO parameter for in-memory data.
:param encoder_name: What encoder to use.
The default is to use the standard "raw" encoder.
To see how this packs pixel data into the returned
bytes, see :file:`libImaging/Pack.c`.
A list of C encoders can be seen under codecs
section of the function array in
:file:`_imaging.c`. Python encoders are registered
within the relevant plugins.
:param args: Extra arguments to the encoder.
:returns: A :py:class:`bytes` object.
"""
encoder_args: Any = args
if len(encoder_args) == 1 and isinstance(encoder_args[0], tuple):
# may pass tuple instead of argument list
encoder_args = encoder_args[0]
if encoder_name == "raw" and encoder_args == ():
encoder_args = self.mode
self.load()
if self.width == 0 or self.height == 0:
return b""
# unpack data
e = _getencoder(self.mode, encoder_name, encoder_args)
e.setimage(self.im, (0, 0) + self.size)
from . import ImageFile
bufsize = max(ImageFile.MAXBLOCK, self.size[0] * 4) # see RawEncode.c
output = []
while True:
bytes_consumed, errcode, data = e.encode(bufsize)
output.append(data)
if errcode:
break
if errcode < 0:
msg = f"encoder error {errcode} in tobytes"
raise RuntimeError(msg)
return b"".join(output)
def tobitmap(self, name: str = "image") -> bytes:
"""
Returns the image converted to an X11 bitmap.
.. note:: This method only works for mode "1" images.
:param name: The name prefix to use for the bitmap variables.
:returns: A string containing an X11 bitmap.
:raises ValueError: If the mode is not "1"
"""
self.load()
if self.mode != "1":
msg = "not a bitmap"
raise ValueError(msg)
data = self.tobytes("xbm")
return b"".join(
[
f"#define {name}_width {self.size[0]}\n".encode("ascii"),
f"#define {name}_height {self.size[1]}\n".encode("ascii"),
f"static char {name}_bits[] = {{\n".encode("ascii"),
data,
b"};",
]
)
def frombytes(
self,
data: DecoderInput,
decoder_name: str = "raw",
*args: Any,
) -> None:
"""
Loads this image with pixel data from a bytes object.
This method is similar to the :py:func:`~PIL.Image.frombytes` function,
but loads data into this image instead of creating a new image object.
"""
if self.width == 0 or self.height == 0:
return
decoder_args: Any = args
if len(decoder_args) == 1 and isinstance(decoder_args[0], tuple):
# may pass tuple instead of argument list
decoder_args = decoder_args[0]
# default format
if decoder_name == "raw" and decoder_args == ():
decoder_args = self.mode
# unpack data
d = _getdecoder(self.mode, decoder_name, decoder_args)
d.setimage(self.im, (0, 0) + self.size)
s = d.decode(data)
if s[0] >= 0:
msg = "not enough image data"
raise ValueError(msg)
if s[1] != 0:
msg = "cannot decode image data"
raise ValueError(msg)
def load(self) -> core.PixelAccess | None:
"""
Allocates storage for the image and loads the pixel data. In
normal cases, you don't need to call this method, since the
Image class automatically loads an opened image when it is
accessed for the first time.
If the file associated with the image was opened by Pillow, then this
method will close it. The exception to this is if the image has
multiple frames, in which case the file will be left open for seek
operations. See :ref:`file-handling` for more information.
:returns: An image access object.
:rtype: :py:class:`.PixelAccess`
"""
if self._im is not None and self.palette and self.palette.dirty:
# realize palette
mode, arr = self.palette.getdata()
self.im.putpalette(self.palette.mode, mode, arr)
self.palette.dirty = 0
self.palette.rawmode = None
if "transparency" in self.info and mode in ("LA", "PA"):
if isinstance(self.info["transparency"], int):
self.im.putpalettealpha(self.info["transparency"], 0)
else:
self.im.putpalettealphas(self.info["transparency"])
self.palette.mode = "RGBA"
elif self.palette.mode != mode:
# If the palette rawmode is different to the mode,
# then update the Python palette data
self.palette.palette = self.im.getpalette(
self.palette.mode, self.palette.mode
)
if self._im is not None:
return self.im.pixel_access(self.readonly)
return None
def verify(self) -> None: