This example shows how to use Prisma ORM in a simple TypeScript script to read and write data in a Prisma Postgres database.

Download this example:

npx try-prisma@latest --template orm/script --install npm --name script

Then, navigate into the project directory:

cd script

git clone git@github.com:prisma/prisma-examples.git --depth=1

cd prisma-examples/orm/script
npm install

Create a new Prisma Postgres database by executing:

npx prisma init --db

If you don't have a Prisma Data Platform account yet, or if you are not logged in, the command will prompt you to log in using one of the available authentication providers. A browser window will open so you can log in or create an account. Return to the CLI after you have completed this step.

Once logged in (or if you were already logged in), the CLI will prompt you to:

1. Select a region (e.g. us-east-1)
2. Enter a project name

After successful creation, you will see output similar to the following:

Let's set up your Prisma Postgres database!
? Select your region: ap-northeast-1 - Asia Pacific (Tokyo)
? Enter a project name: testing-migration
✔ Success! Your Prisma Postgres database is ready ✅

We found an existing schema.prisma file in your current project directory.

--- Database URL ---

Connect Prisma ORM to your PostgreSQL database with this URL:

postgresql://user:password@host:port/database

--- Next steps ---

1. Apply migrations
Run the following command to create and apply a migration:
npx prisma migrate dev

2. Manage your data
View and edit your data locally by running this command:
npx prisma studio

...or online in Console:
https://console.prisma.io/{workspaceId}/{projectId}/studio

3. Send queries from your app
If you already have an existing app with Prisma ORM, you can now run it and it will send queries against your newly created Prisma Postgres instance.

4. Learn more
For more info, visit the Prisma Postgres docs: https://pris.ly/ppg-docs

Locate and copy the database URL provided in the CLI output. Then, create a .env file in the project root:

touch .env

Now, paste the URL into it as a value for the DATABASE_URL environment variable. For example:

# .env
DATABASE_URL=postgresql://user:password@host:port/database

Run the following command to create tables in your database. This creates the User and Post tables that are defined in prisma/schema.prisma:

npx prisma migrate dev --name init

Execute the script with this command:

npm run dev

Evolving the application typically requires two steps:

1. Migrate your database using Prisma Migrate
2. Update your application code

For the following example scenario, assume you want to add a "profile" feature to the app where users can create a profile and write a short bio about themselves.

The first step is to add a new table, e.g. called Profile, to the database. You can do this by adding a new model to your Prisma schema file file and then running a migration afterwards:

// schema.prisma

model Post {
  id        Int     @default(autoincrement()) @id
  title     String
  content   String?
  published Boolean @default(false)
  author    User?   @relation(fields: [authorId], references: [id])
  authorId  Int
}

model User {
  id      Int      @default(autoincrement()) @id
  name    String?
  email   String   @unique
  posts   Post[]
+ profile Profile?
}

+model Profile {
+  id     Int     @default(autoincrement()) @id
+  bio    String?
+  userId Int     @unique
+  user   User    @relation(fields: [userId], references: [id])
+}

Once you've updated your data model, you can execute the changes against your database with the following command:

npx prisma migrate dev

You can now use your PrismaClient instance to perform operations against the new Profile table. Here are some examples:

const profile = await prisma.profile.create({
  data: {
    bio: "Hello World",
    user: {
      connect: { email: "alice@prisma.io" },
    },
  },
});

const user = await prisma.user.create({
  data: {
    email: "john@prisma.io",
    name: "John",
    profile: {
      create: {
        bio: "Hello World",
      },
    },
  },
});

const userWithUpdatedProfile = await prisma.user.update({
  where: { email: "alice@prisma.io" },
  data: {
    profile: {
      update: {
        bio: "Hello Friends",
      },
    },
  },
});

If you want to try this example with another database than Postgres, you can adjust the the database connection in prisma/schema.prisma by reconfiguring the datasource block.

Learn more about the different connection configurations in the docs.

datasource db {
  provider = "sqlite"
  url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
}

DATABASE_URL="file:./dev.db""

datasource db {
  provider = "mysql"
  url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
}

## This is a placeholder url
DATABASE_URL="mysql://janedoe:mypassword@localhost:3306/notesapi"

datasource db {
  provider = "sqlserver"
  url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
}

## This is a placeholder url
DATABASE_URL="sqlserver://localhost:1433;initial catalog=sample;user=sa;password=mypassword;"

datasource db {
  provider = "mongodb"
  url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
}

## This is a placeholder url
DATABASE_URL="mongodb://USERNAME:PASSWORD@HOST/DATABASE?authSource=admin&retryWrites=true&w=majority"

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