In Word 2016 at least, colours selected from the top "Theme" part of the colour picker (which can change if you change document theme or colours) are all identified by NVDA as "Yellow".
Colours used in styles (mostly Blue Accent 1, darker 25% from the "Theme" colours which can change) are read as "Gold".
If you change the document theme or or colours (from the design ribbon), everything is still read the same.
Colours from the "Standard" line or from the "More colours" colour picker are identified correctly based on RGB (rather than Word's identifier - Dark Red is identified as Crimson - which is fine).
Text with an outline colour are read as the "fill" colour (that's probably not a big issue).
colours.docx
In Word 2016 at least, colours selected from the top "Theme" part of the colour picker (which can change if you change document theme or colours) are all identified by NVDA as "Yellow".
Colours used in styles (mostly Blue Accent 1, darker 25% from the "Theme" colours which can change) are read as "Gold".
If you change the document theme or or colours (from the design ribbon), everything is still read the same.
Colours from the "Standard" line or from the "More colours" colour picker are identified correctly based on RGB (rather than Word's identifier - Dark Red is identified as Crimson - which is fine).
Text with an outline colour are read as the "fill" colour (that's probably not a big issue).
colours.docx