From what I can tell Response ignores type field of the blob (assuming it's constructed with blob) causing that information to be lost.
I would expect implementation to match behavior in browsers which is:
var blob = new Blob(['# Hi'], {type:"text/markdown"})
var response = new Response(blob)
response.headers.get('content-type') // "text/markdown"
(await response.blob()).type // "text/markdown"