Right now, the JIT seems to be unable to find symbols from the static libc_nonshared.a, that is linked together with libc.so. Until ~2020, this library contained a number of wrappers, including the *stat functions. On these systems, for example EL 8 but also not-latest Ubuntus, the following C code:

#include <sys/stat.h>

int main() {
  struct stat s;
  lstat("build.ninja", &s);
  return 0;
}

when compiled into IR and then fed to lli fails with:

JIT session error: Symbols not found: [ lstat ]
./bin/lli: Failed to materialize symbols: { (main, { main }) }

The good news is that recent glibc heavily reduced the number of symbols in that static library, up to the point that it only contains at_quick_exit, atexit, pthread_atfork, and __stack_chk_fail_local. It would be nice to improve the situation for older systems, but not sure if we can do much about it...