CICD label is required to run tests on PRs in presubmit #183554. However, we don't have this requirement for GitHub actions that do not run on LUCI bots. Move Linux analyze to a GitHub action to give checks for analyzer, linter, and format (once #187204 is resolved) issues without requiring CICD.

• Run this in the merge queue Run Linux analyze in the Merge Queue #162329
• Run this on engine PRs (the matching version of Dart needs to be available), or skip them.
• Remove from .ci.yaml so it doesn't run multiple times (or, at least remove it from presubmit).

Execution details:
https://logs.chromium.org/logs/flutter/buildbucket/cr-buildbucket/8679417017547606033/+/u/run_test.dart_for_analyze_shard_and_subshard_None/l_execution_details

stdout:
https://logs.chromium.org/logs/flutter/buildbucket/cr-buildbucket/8679417017547606033/+/u/run_test.dart_for_analyze_shard_and_subshard_None/stdout

Related issues:
#170491