macOS tooling expects symbols to be distributed as .dSYM bundles created using dsymtool without the --flat parameter. The distribution using dSYM allows the lldb debugger, spindump, sample, and other tools to locate the symbols automatically (through Spotlight indexer with matches the symbols through UUID back to the original executable). This automatic symbol loading doesn't work for .dwarf files located next to the executable.

This makes debugging tools like ILCompiler particularly annoying. Profiling long compilations produces non-symbolicated traces which are hard to interpret.