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lang syntax title author
C++
cpp
C++ is an object-oriented programming (OOP) language that is viewed by many as the best language for creating large-scale applications.
Panquesito7
 
#include <iostream>

int main(){
    std::cout << "Hello world!\n";
    return 0;
}

❓ What is C++?

C++ is a high-level, general-purpose programming language created by Danish computer scientist Bjarne Stroustrup. First released in 1985 as an extension of the C programming language, it has since expanded significantly over time; modern C++ currently has object-oriented, generic, and functional features, in addition to facilities for low-level memory manipulation. It is almost always implemented as a compiled language, and many vendors provide C++ compilers, including the Free Software Foundation, LLVM, Microsoft, Intel, Embarcadero, Oracle, and IBM.

🤔 Why to use C++?

  • Easy to learn and use.
  • Many available resources and tutorials.
  • Runs very fast and works on the most common OSes such as Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux.
  • Well-established in the market and used by large companies.
  • Used to create desktop apps, 3D videogames, cloud, mobile apps, and more.
  • Object-Oriented Programming (OOP).
  • Gives you a basic programming knowledge if it's your first language. It'll make it easier for you to learn more languages in the future.

⚙️ Setting up C++ development environment

🐧 GNU/Linux

The G++ compiler needs to be installed in the system in order to compile C++ programs (Bash only). It usually comes installed in Linux systems.
To verify if you have G++ installed or not, run g++ --version in the command line. A similar output to the below should be displayed.

g++ (Ubuntu 11.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) 11.3.0
Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

If you don't have G++ installed, run the following commands.

Updates and fetches all package databases.

sudo apt-get update

Installs the latest G++ version.

sudo apt-get install g++
sudo apt-get install build-essential

You can now compile and run C++ programs directly via Bash.
If you have any C++ file, you can run the following command to compile and run the program:

g++ -o <filename> <compiled-filename> && ./<compiled-filename>

You can take the "Hello World" program mentioned at the beginning of this file as a sample file.

Note:

If you update your C++ file, it will need to be re-compiled.

🏠 Microsoft Windows

G++ does not come preinstalled in Microsoft Windows systems. However, this can be used with the MinGW compiler.
Download the file from the official website, run the setup, and configure it to your needs. You can also check this page for full MinGW setup.

Note:

You'll need to change the environment variable/Windows PATH if you want the commands to run in any command line.
You can check this tutorial for how to properly change the PATH (windir\MinGW\bin needs to be added, whereas windir is your system disk, such as C:). It may vary from your Windows build/version. Please be very careful as you could damage your Windows installation.

Once MinGW is fully installed and added to the Windows PATH, you can try and run the following command to compile and run a C++ program.

g++ -o <filename> <compiler-filename> && ./<compiled-filename>

You can take the "Hello World" program mentioned at the beginning of this file as a sample file.

Note:

If you update your C++ file, it will need to be re-compiled.

🍎 Apple macOS

The G++ compiler does not come preinstalled in macOS systems. It needs to manually be installed.
One way of installing this is using the Homebrew package manager.

You can check Homebrew's official tutorial in order to install Homebrew in your system.
Once you've successfully installed Homebrew, run the following comamnd to install the GCC/G++ compiler in your system.

Try using homebrew if brew does not work.

brew install gcc --force-bottle

Once GCC/G++ is successfully installed, you can run the following command to compile and run a C++ program in your system.

g++ -o <filename> <compiler-filename> && ./<compiled-filename>

You can take the "Hello World" program mentioned at the beginning of this file as a sample file.

Note:

If you update your C++ file, it will need to be re-compiled.

✏️ Popular C++ IDEs/Editors

🚀 Some cool projects in C++

🤗 Conclusion

C++ is one of the most powerful and easy-to-learn programming language. It can be used to build videogames, (mobile) apps, algorithms, and so much more. You should consider learning C++: it is an excellent and fast language and it'll help you boost your knowledge in so many ways.

Thank you for reading! 🎉