- Rename type aliases for clarity: VecReal, VecNode, Mat (from Vec1DReal, Vec1DNode, Mat2D)
- Add __dot internal function as core dot product implementation
- Refactor all matrix operations to use views instead of slices (zero allocations)
- Add adjoint×vector product support (v' * w for all type combinations)
- All 481 tests pass, zero ambiguities confirmed by Aqua

Performance: Matrix×vector and matrix×matrix products now use views, eliminating intermediate allocations in hot loops.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Move dimension checks from internal __dot to public API boundary:
- Add assertions to public dot() methods (user-facing)
- Add assertions to adjoint×vector methods (v'*w)
- Remove assertions from __dot (trusted internal helper)
- Matrix operations keep their existing dimension checks

Performance: Eliminates redundant checks in hot loops.
Example: 100×100 matrix×vector now does 1 check instead of 101.

Design: "Validate at boundaries, trust internally" - public API is
defensive while internal helpers are fast.

All 481 tests pass.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>