Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.

The Go runtime exports several metrics about the Go scheduler, garbage collector, and heap that would be useful to export directly: https://pkg.go.dev/runtime/metrics#hdr-Supported_metrics. Newer versions of the prometheus Go client (https://github.com/prometheus/client_golang) support exporting this into a form prometheus can scrape. It may be a bit of work to munge this data into a form writable to CRDB's internal tsdb. This would help better diagnose behavior of the Go GC, scheduler, etc.

Additional context

We're exporting /sched/latencies:seconds as part of #82743. This issue covers everything else.

Jira issue: CRDB-19553

Epic CRDB-34227