What versions & operating system are you using?

System:
OS: macOS 15.5
CPU: (10) arm64 Apple M1 Max
Memory: 193.95 MB / 64.00 GB
Shell: 5.9 - /bin/zsh

Binaries:
Node: 24.4.1 - ~/.local/state/fnm_multishells/28670_1753786480646/bin/node
npm: 11.4.2 - ~/.local/state/fnm_multishells/28670_1753786480646/bin/npm
pnpm: 10.13.1 - ~/Library/pnpm/pnpm
bun: 1.2.19 - ~/.bun/bin/bun

npmPackages:
@cloudflare/workers-types: ^4.20250417.0 => 4.20250423.0
wrangler: ^4.26.1 => 4.26.1

Please provide a link to a minimal reproduction

https://github.com/bastiankistner/cloudflare-workflows-retry-error

Describe the Bug

I'm currently experimenting with Workflows and it seems that when I throw a new NonRetryableError("") with an empty message, the workflow retries the failed step. I just tried it in production and there it seems that the workflow correctly exits, even when the message is empty. However, when I set a non-empty message, the workflow also fails, as expected, for wrangler dev

I provided a reproduction repo based on the starter docs with
npm create cloudflare@latest workflows-starter -- --template "cloudflare/workflows-starter"

I only changed the MyWorkflow class to help you see what's happening.

Please provide any relevant error logs

No response