I was running ruff on Sympy, applied the experimental ruff PERF rules and hit a bug. When running it on this file at this commit:
https://github.com/sympy/sympy/blob/b3d060459054d0cbd925a06fc7719a6f3b498a91/sympy/polys/galoistools.py#L1812 it recommends removing the list cast, but one can't do that because the inner while loop modifies the list that it is iterating over leading to an error. I tried to extract a smaller reproducer out of this, but was unable to.

version used: ruff 0.2.0
ruff --select PERF --show-source --fix file.py leads to the invalid fix.

sympy/polys/galoistools.py:1812:18: PERF101 [*] Do not cast an iterable to `list` before iterating over it
     |
1811 |     for k in range(1, len(V)):
1812 |         for f in list(factors):
     |                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ PERF101
1813 |             s = K.zero
     |
     = help: Remove `list()` cast

worse, this is a safe fix and it makes the file invalid.