I'm working with @michalursa to break up ARROW-14182 into smaller PRs to ease review. This PR adds some general purpose utilities that make it easier to work with primitive arrays, avoiding shared_ptr and allocation overhead.

Reporter: Weston Pace / @westonpace
Assignee: Michal Nowakiewicz / @michalursa

PRs and other links:

• GitHub Pull Request #12872

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-16166. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}