split_pattern is the C++ compute function name

Reporter: Neal Richardson / @nealrichardson
Assignee: Nicola Crane / @thisisnic

Related issues:

• [C++] split kernels for strings/binary (depends upon)
• [R] Improve tests and comments for strsplit() bindings (is depended upon by)

PRs and other links:

• GitHub Pull Request #10190

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-11515. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}