The following URLs can be add in QGIS with XYZ Tiles and the map can be displayed(note ec899a50c7830ea2416ca182285236f3 is the token).

http://t0.tianditu.gov.cn/ter_w/wmts?SERVICE=WMTS&REQUEST=GetTile&VERSION=1.0.0&LAYER=ter&STYLE=default&TILEMATRIXSET=w&FORMAT=tiles&TileMatrix={z}&TileRow={y}&TileCol={x}&tk=ec899a50c7830ea2416ca182285236f3

When I use gdal_ translate to generate wmts xml file, it failed.

gdal_translate "http://t0.tianditu.gov.cn/ter_w/wmts?SERVICE=WMTS&REQUEST=GetTile&VERSION=1.0.0&LAYER=ter&STYLE=default&TILEMATRIXSET=w&FORMAT=tiles&TileMatrix={z}&TileRow={y}&TileCol={x}&tk=ec899a50c7830ea2416ca182285236f3" d:\tdtwmts.xml -of wmts

or
gdal_translate "http://t0.tianditu.gov.cn/ter_w/wmts?SERVICE=WMTS&REQUEST=GetTile&VERSION=1.0.0&LAYER=ter&STYLE=default&TILEMATRIXSET=w&FORMAT=tiles&TileMatrix={z}&TileRow={y}&TileCol={x}&tk=ec899a50c7830ea2416ca182285236f3" d:\tdtwmts.xml -of wmts --config gdal_http_tk ec899a50c7830ea2416ca182285236f3

Maybe GDAL cannot resolve parameter tk?