I tried to make a package myself, but faced many roadblocks due to having no experience in Rust. Example attempts:

From Source

package.nix

{
  lib,
  python3,
  fetchFromGitHub,
  rustPlatform,
}:
python3.pkgs.buildPythonApplication rec {
  pname = "pyrefly";
  version = "0.17.1";
  format = "pyproject";

  disabled = python3.pythonOlder "3.8";

  src = fetchFromGitHub {
    owner = "facebook";
    repo = "pyrefly";
    rev = version;
    hash = "sha256-aMFK4verIdijgunVmj+Ge5XZZir38PLAKWNw4mOieiM=";
  };

  postPatch = ''
    cp ${./Cargo.lock} pyrefly/Cargo.lock
  '';

  cargoRoot = "pyrefly";

  cargoDeps = rustPlatform.importCargoLock {
    lockFile = ./Cargo.lock;
    outputHashes = {
      "ruff_python_ast-0.0.0" = "sha256-YQmkmn6fWKmKz+Lw9wwgPG2O9E+2/ZJcclRs97SOWK4=";
    };
  };

  buildAndTestSubdir = "pyrefly";

  nativeBuildInputs = with rustPlatform; [
    cargoSetupHook
    maturinBuildHook
  ];

  # disable tests
  doCheck = false;

  meta = with lib; {
    description = "A fast type checker and IDE for Python";
    homepage = "https://github.com/facebook/pyrefly";
    license = licenses.mit;
    mainProgram = "pyrefly";
    maintainers = [];
    platforms = lib.platforms.linux ++ lib.platforms.darwin;
  };
}

error.txt

Sourcing python-remove-tests-dir-hook
Sourcing python-catch-conflicts-hook.sh
Sourcing python-remove-bin-bytecode-hook.sh
Sourcing pypa-build-hook
Using pypaBuildPhase
Sourcing python-runtime-deps-check-hook
Using pythonRuntimeDepsCheckHook
Sourcing pypa-install-hook
Using pypaInstallPhase
Sourcing python-imports-check-hook.sh
Using pythonImportsCheckPhase
Sourcing python-namespaces-hook
Sourcing python-catch-conflicts-hook.sh
Running phase: unpackPhase
@nix { "action": "setPhase", "phase": "unpackPhase" }
unpacking source archive /nix/store/hdwyx26pi61g77cg9r60gznc39gyrbz0-source
source root is source
Executing cargoSetupPostUnpackHook
Finished cargoSetupPostUnpackHook
setting SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH to timestamp 315619200 of file "source/yarn.lock"
Running phase: patchPhase
@nix { "action": "setPhase", "phase": "patchPhase" }
Executing cargoSetupPostPatchHook
Validating consistency between /private/tmp/nix-build-pyrefly-0.17.1.drv-0/source/pyrefly/Cargo.lock and /private/tmp/nix-build-pyrefly-0.17.1.drv-0/cargo-vendor-dir/Cargo.lock
Finished cargoSetupPostPatchHook
Running phase: updateAutotoolsGnuConfigScriptsPhase
@nix { "action": "setPhase", "phase": "updateAutotoolsGnuConfigScriptsPhase" }
Running phase: configurePhase
@nix { "action": "setPhase", "phase": "configurePhase" }
no configure script, doing nothing
Running phase: buildPhase
@nix { "action": "setPhase", "phase": "buildPhase" }
Executing maturinBuildHook
/private/tmp/nix-build-pyrefly-0.17.1.drv-0/source/pyrefly /private/tmp/nix-build-pyrefly-0.17.1.drv-0/source
maturinBuildHook flags: --jobs=8 --offline --target aarch64-apple-darwin --manylinux off --strip --release --out /private/tmp/nix-build-pyrefly-0.17.1.drv-0/source/dist --interpreter python3.12
�[1m�[31merror�[0m�[1m:�[0m failed to get `ruff_python_ast` as a dependency of package `pyrefly v0.17.1 (/private/tmp/nix-build-pyrefly-0.17.1.drv-0/source/pyrefly)`

Caused by:
  failed to load source for dependency `ruff_python_ast`

Caused by:
  Unable to update https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/?rev=3acf4e716d5d1fb9bd1316dc268deb6824a300c8

Caused by:
  the source git+https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/?rev=3acf4e716d5d1fb9bd1316dc268deb6824a300c8#3acf4e716d5d1fb9bd1316dc268deb6824a300c8 requires a lock file to be present first before it can be
  used against vendored source code

  remove the source replacement configuration, generate a lock file, and then
  restore the source replacement configuration to continue the build
💥 maturin failed
  Caused by: Cargo metadata failed. Does your crate compile with `cargo build`?
  Caused by: `cargo metadata` exited with an error:

From PyPI

package.nix

{
  lib,
  pkgs,
  python3,
  fetchPypi,
}: let
  pname = "pyrefly";
  version = "0.17.1";
in
  python3.pkgs.buildPythonApplication {
    inherit pname version;
    format = "pyproject";

    disabled = python3.pythonOlder "3.8";

    src = fetchPypi {
      inherit pname version;
      hash = "sha256-w4ivRtmApXiXQT95GI4vvYBop7yxdbbkpW+YTyFtgXM=";
    };

    propagatedBuildInputs = with pkgs; [
      maturin
    ];

    meta = with lib; {
      description = "A faster Python type checker written in Rust";
      homepage = "https://pypi.org/project/pyrefly";
      license = licenses.mit;
      maintainers = [];
    };
  }

error.txt

Sourcing python-remove-tests-dir-hook
Sourcing python-catch-conflicts-hook.sh
Sourcing python-remove-bin-bytecode-hook.sh
Sourcing pypa-build-hook
Using pypaBuildPhase
Sourcing python-runtime-deps-check-hook
Using pythonRuntimeDepsCheckHook
Sourcing pypa-install-hook
Using pypaInstallPhase
Sourcing python-imports-check-hook.sh
Using pythonImportsCheckPhase
Sourcing python-namespaces-hook
Sourcing python-catch-conflicts-hook.sh
Running phase: unpackPhase
@nix { "action": "setPhase", "phase": "unpackPhase" }
unpacking source archive /nix/store/xr6hmv99i57csknyngqkzvwxd17zfycv-pyrefly-0.17.1.tar.gz
source root is pyrefly-0.17.1
setting SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH to timestamp 1748467133 of file "pyrefly-0.17.1/Cargo.lock"
Running phase: patchPhase
@nix { "action": "setPhase", "phase": "patchPhase" }
Running phase: updateAutotoolsGnuConfigScriptsPhase
@nix { "action": "setPhase", "phase": "updateAutotoolsGnuConfigScriptsPhase" }
Running phase: configurePhase
@nix { "action": "setPhase", "phase": "configurePhase" }
no configure script, doing nothing
Running phase: buildPhase
@nix { "action": "setPhase", "phase": "buildPhase" }
Executing pypaBuildPhase
Creating a wheel...
pypa build flags: --no-isolation --outdir dist/ --wheel
�[1m* Getting build dependencies for wheel...�[0m

�[2mTraceback (most recent call last):
  File "/nix/store/3chpfsrxkdwbf9wilm0v88jyk4d8n5pg-python3.13-pyproject-hooks-1.2.0/lib/python3.13/site-packages/pyproject_hooks/_impl.py", line 402, in _call_hook
    raise BackendUnavailable(
    ...<4 lines>...
    )
pyproject_hooks._impl.BackendUnavailable: Cannot import 'maturin'�[0m

�[91mERROR�[0m Backend 'maturin' is not available.

Uh oh!

Package Request: facebook/pyrefly #412559

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