daemonとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /ˈdiː.mən/
• 韻: -iːmən
• ハイフネーション: dae‧mon

名詞

daemon (plural daemons or daemones)

1. (mythology) A minor deity or divinity.
   • 2018, Carolyn Graves-Brown, Daemons and Spirits in Ancient Egypt, University of Wales Press, page 46,

     On some apotropaic wands the hippopotamus daemon bites or devours a person. On a well-known New Kingdom papyrus, Taweret, who is named, is listed amongst evil daemons.

2. A muse, a personified source of inspiration, especially one that also causes anguish.
   • 2012, Stefan Zweig, translated by Eden Paul and Cedar Paul, The Struggle with the Daemon: Hölderlin, Kleist and Nietzsche, Pushkin Press, unnumbered page:

     That is why those of exceptionally "daemonic temperament", those who cannot early and thoroughly subdue the daemon within them, are racked by disquietude. Ever and again the daemon snatches the helm from their control and steers them (helpless as straws in the blast) into the heart of the storm, perchance to shatter them on the rocks of destiny.

   • 2015, Harold Bloom, The Daemon Knows, Penguin Random House (Random House), eBook edition, unnumbered page,

     Coleridge, deep in daemons, looked to them for his poetic power: They gave him Kubla Khan, Christabel, and The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. He welcomed his daemon or genius and yet feared it.

3. An idea depicted as an entity.
4. (uncommon) Alternative form of demon.

派生語

関連する語

• agathodaemon
• cacodaemon/cacodemon; cacodaemonic/cacodemonic; cacodaemoniacal
• daemonic
• daimon
• eudaemon

参考

• genius
• muse
• tutelary deity

語源 2

A reference to Maxwell's demon. The putative derivation from "disk and execution monitor" is generally considered a backronym.

別の表記

• dæmon, daimon, demon

発音

• IPA: /ˈdiːmən/, /ˈdeɪmən/
• 韻: -iːmən, -eɪmən
• ハイフネーション: dae‧mon

名詞

daemon (plural daemons)

1. (computing, Unix) A process (a running program) that does not have a controlling terminal.

使用する際の注意点

• (Unix): Often a daemon will run on a server.

参考

• background process

アナグラム

• Modane, Modena, moaned, modena, nomade

語源

From Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “dispenser, god, protective spirit”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈdae̯.moːn/, [ˈd̪äe̯moːn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈde.mon/, [ˈd̪ɛːmon]

名詞

daemōn m (genitive daemonis); third declension

1. a genius loci, a lar, the protective spirit or godling of a place or household
2. (astrology) the 11th of the 12 signs of the zodiac
3. (Ecclesiastical Latin) a demon
   • 1633, Johannes de Laet, Novus orbis seu descriptionis Indiæ occidentalis, Libri XVIII, page 642:

     […] perſuadent enim ſe crebro cum dæmone ſermones ſerere, quem Wattipam nominant, & res geſtas in longinquis regionibus ab ipſo edoceri, nec non futuras præmoneri: agnoſcunt autem hunc ſpiritum malum eſſe; neque injuria, nam haud raro miſerum in modum ab ipſo flagellantur.

     For they persuade themselves that they often hold conversations with a demon whom they call Wattipa, and that they are informed by him of things done in distant regions, and indeed foreshown things to be: but they acknowledge that this spirit is evil; and not without reason, for not infrequently they are scourged by him in a miserable manner.

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

派生語

• daemonicus

関連する語

• daemonium
• cacodemon
• calodemon

派生した語

• → Albanian: djemën
• Aromanian: demun
• → Catalan: dèmon (learned)
• → English: daemon, demon
• → French: démon
• Galician: demo
• → German: Dämon
• → Old Irish: demon, demun
  • Irish: deamhan
  • Scottish Gaelic: deamhan
• Italian: demone
• Portuguese: demo, demónio/demônio
• Translingual: Felis daemon
• Spanish: demonio

参照

• “daemon”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "daemon", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• daemon in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “daemon”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎
• “daemon”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers