{"id":418780,"date":"2026-02-18T15:04:47","date_gmt":"2026-02-18T14:04:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/?p=418780"},"modified":"2026-02-18T21:41:08","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T20:41:08","slug":"geometric-modeling-techniques-wireframe-surface-and-solid-modeling-explained","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/geometric-modeling-techniques-wireframe-surface-and-solid-modeling-explained\/","title":{"rendered":"Geometric Modeling Techniques: Wireframe, Surface, and Solid Modeling Explained"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/geometric-modeling-techniques-wireframe-surface-and-solid-modeling-explained\/#Knowledge_on_Geometric_Modeling\" >Knowledge on Geometric Modeling<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/geometric-modeling-techniques-wireframe-surface-and-solid-modeling-explained\/#Wireframe_Modeling\" >Wireframe Modeling<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/geometric-modeling-techniques-wireframe-surface-and-solid-modeling-explained\/#Surface_Modeling\" >Surface Modeling<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/geometric-modeling-techniques-wireframe-surface-and-solid-modeling-explained\/#Solid_Modeling\" >Solid Modeling<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/geometric-modeling-techniques-wireframe-surface-and-solid-modeling-explained\/#Comparison_of_the_Surface_Solid_Modeling_and_Wireframe\" >Comparison of the Surface, Solid Modeling and Wireframe<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/geometric-modeling-techniques-wireframe-surface-and-solid-modeling-explained\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Modern engineering design, computer-aided design (CAD), animation, manufacturing, and simulation is based on geometric modeling. Designers use digital representations of the objects well before they are actually produced, whether it is a car part or an aerospace component or a consumer electronics component. Wireframe, surface, and solid modeling are some of the major geometric modeling techniques that can be considered fundamental in determining the way digital shapes are created, represented, and edited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To gain a wider technical context of these modeling techniques, it is better to know not only their definitions, but also the difference between them on a structural and functional level. In this paper we have made an in-depth comparative study of the wire frame, surface and solid modeling including their structure, strengths, shortcomings and practical uses to understand when each of them is most efficient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Knowledge_on_Geometric_Modeling\"><\/span>Knowledge on Geometric Modeling<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Geometric Modeling is the concept that has been established to assist in the understanding of the features of biological systems. The term geometric modeling is used to describe the mathematical modeling of three-dimensional (3D) objects in a computer environment. These representations enable the engineers and designers to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Imaginatively design products prior to production.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Examine structural and physical behaviour.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Perform simulations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nurse production drawings.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Produce components through CNC or additive manufacturing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The three major modeling models wireframe, surface, and solid have differences in terms of the way they portray geometry, store data and the interaction possibility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wireframe_Modeling\"><\/span>Wireframe Modeling<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Wireframe Modeling Structure<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The oldest and the simplest 3D is the wireframe modeling. It represents objects using:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Points (vertices)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lines (edges)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Curves<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this technique, a skeletal structure of the object is defined only. The surfaces and volumes are absent, only the outline of the structure. Wire frame models are made of coordinate points already linked by lines or arcs in the 3D space. There are these edges defining the shape but not the interior and exterior areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Posits of Wireframe Modeling<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Minimal computing power \u2013 Wireframe models do not need much processing power.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Quick sketching and editing \u2013 The designers are able to sketch out complex frameworks in a short period of time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transparent internal features \u2013 There are no surfaces on any of the edges.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Best when conceptual designing required \u2013 Best when it comes to preliminary ideation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Weaknesses of Wireframe Modeling<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>There is no surface or volume information \u2013 Mass, volume, or material properties cannot be calculated.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Problem of ambiguity of interpretation \u2013 Line overlaps will produce visual ambiguity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inappropriate to manufacture \u2013 Data in manufacturing must be surface or solid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Weak simulation properties \u2013 FEA and CFD require more complicated geometry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Application Case Studies of the Wireframe Modeling<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CAD Preliminary concept drawings.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Structural layout planning<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Simple mechanical linkages<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Geometric forms illustrated by education.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Wireframe modeling is best suited when the early design phase is being undertaken, speed and conceptual mastery are at a higher value than physical realism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Surface_Modeling\"><\/span>Surface Modeling<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Surface Modeling Organizational Structure<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-Feb-18-2026-02_54_11-PM-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-418791\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-Feb-18-2026-02_54_11-PM-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-Feb-18-2026-02_54_11-PM-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-Feb-18-2026-02_54_11-PM-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-Feb-18-2026-02_54_11-PM-600x400.png 600w, https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-Feb-18-2026-02_54_11-PM.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Surface modeling is an extension of wireframe modeling into mathematical surfaces between boundary curves. This technique defines:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Curved surfaces<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Parametric patches<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines and splines.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Surface models, in contrast to solid modeling, only define the outer skin of an object and do not by themselves have any volume. Parametric equations are used to describe surfaces so that the curvature and smooth transitions may be controlled.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Surface modeling has the following benefits<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Large geometric flexibility \u2013 Complicated organic and aerodynamic shapes are possible.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Better curvature control \u2013 DM designers are able to control smoothness and continuity (G1, G2, G3).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An excellent surface modeling \u2013 Body Auto and consumer products surface modeling used.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improved lighting \u2013 Surfaces are realistic to render\/shade.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Surfacing Shortcomings of Surface Modeling<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>No intrinsic definition of volume \u2013 Properties of mass have to be converted to solid models.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Increased complexity \u2013 Requires high skill and control on continuity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Possible gaps\/ inconsistencies \u2013 Unjoined surfaces can lead to manufacturing mistakes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Refining time consuming \u2013 Precision surfacing involves a process of iteration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Real-life Applications of Surface Modeling<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Automotive exterior design<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aerospace fuselage shaping<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Industrial product design<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Electronics casing Consumer electronics casing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Imagery and action effects.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Surface modeling is best used where the form, aerodynamics, and physical attractiveness are paramount.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Solid_Modeling\"><\/span>Solid Modeling<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Structure of Solid Modeling<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Solid modeling is the full 3D objects that have the volume. In solid models, unlike wireframe and surface models, solid models contain:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Surfaces<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Edges<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vertices<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enclosed volume<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two primary approaches:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Boundary Representation (B-Rep)<\/strong> \u2013 A solid is defined in terms of bounding surfaces which form a volume.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG)<\/strong> \u2013 Solids are built by operations with primitive objects (cube, cylinder, sphere): union, subtraction, intersection.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Both topology and geometry are mathematically defined in solid modeling, allowing physical simulation to be done correctly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The benefits of Solid Modeling<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Full physical representation \u2013 Mass, density, volume, and center of gravity can be determined.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Preparedness to manufacture \u2013 CNC machined and 3D printed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>High level of compatibility and simulation \u2013 Structural, thermal and fluid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Less ambiguity \u2013 Interior and exterior are well defined.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Parametric modification \u2013 Feature-based modeling is easily updated.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Shortcomings of Solid Modeling<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Increased computing power \u2013 Consumes increased memory and processing resources.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Less easy with complex freeform shapes \u2013 Organic shapes might be required to be surface modelled initially.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Steeper learning curve \u2013 Feature-based learning is based on the structured thinking.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Active Applications of Solid Modeling<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mechanical component engineering.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Production and textile production.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Structural engineering<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Medical device modeling<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3D printing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Solid modeling is best used in cases where accuracy, manufacturability and the accuracy of simulation are demanded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Comparison_of_the_Surface_Solid_Modeling_and_Wireframe\"><\/span>Comparison of the Surface, Solid Modeling and Wireframe<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Structural Differences<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-Feb-18-2026-02_53_44-PM-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-418790\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-Feb-18-2026-02_53_44-PM-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-Feb-18-2026-02_53_44-PM-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-Feb-18-2026-02_53_44-PM-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-Feb-18-2026-02_53_44-PM-600x400.png 600w, https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ChatGPT-Image-Feb-18-2026-02_53_44-PM.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Characteristics<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Wireframe<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Surface<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Solid<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Representation<\/td><td>Points and lines only<\/td><td>Surfaces only<\/td><td>Surfaces and volume<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Volume Data<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mass Properties<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>Limited<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Complexity<\/td><td>Low<\/td><td>Medium to High high<\/td><td>High<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Suiting Appropriateness<\/td><td>Poor<\/td><td>Moderate<\/td><td>Excellent<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In wireframe models, edges are described only. Topical designs determine the outer skin. Whole bodies in 3D are characterized by solid models.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Technical Distinctions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Data Structure<\/strong> \u2013 Vertex-edge lists: Vertex-edge lists Data Structure &#8211; Surface: Parametric patches: Surface Data Solid: Topological + geometric data: Vertex-edge lists Surface: Parametric patches.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simulation Capability<\/strong> \u2013 Wireframe The capability of simulation is minimal; Surface The surface simulation is limited; Solid Full structural simulation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Editing Flexibility<\/strong> \u2013 Highly flexible but ambiguous: Wireframe: Surface: Parametric feature modification: Highly flexible but ambiguous; Solid:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When each modeling technique can be used<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Wireframe:<\/strong> Ideas sketches, architecture, meager computing resources.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Surface:<\/strong> Organic\/aerodynamic shapes, visually refined products, continuity of curvature.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Solid:<\/strong> Preparation of manufacture, engineering analysis, physical property computations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These techniques are frequently combined in modern workflows, where wireframe is used to start with, surfaces are added to it and solid models are created to use in final production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Smooth collaboration in Contemporary CAD systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Create a wireframe sketch<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Create surfaces using boundary curves.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Introduction of surfaces into a closed solid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Add parametric features<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The methodology is a layered approach because it employs the strong points of each modeling method with reduced weaknesses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Merits of Comparative Understanding<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Improved design efficiency<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Better tool selection<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reduced modeling errors<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improved communication within the team<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kaizen simulation preparation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Selecting the right modeling process will guarantee that the data is accurate, no errors are generated, and it will aid the manufacturing preparedness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Applications in the real-world industry<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Automotive: exterior surface modelling, solid modeling engines.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aerospace: solid structures, surface modeling of aerodynamic shells.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Design of products: Surface design: Aesthetic modeling, Solid design: Durability.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Architecture\/Construction: The BIM systems are analyzed using solid modeling.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The geometric modeling revolves around wireframe, surface and solid model. They have their peculiarities:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Wireframe:<\/strong> Simple and quick and best suited when it comes to conceptual design.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Surface:<\/strong> Control of shape to a minimum, perfection in aesthetics and aerodynamics.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Solid:<\/strong> Full physical model, suitable to simulation and production.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These methods are complementary to each other in contemporary processes. The knowledge of their differences positively influences the designers and engineers to make wise decisions which enhance efficiency and accuracy in creating digital products.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modern engineering design, computer-aided design (CAD), animation, manufacturing, and simulation is based on geometric modeling. Designers use digital representations of the objects well before they are actually produced, whether it is a car part or an aerospace component or a consumer electronics component. Wireframe, surface, and solid modeling are some of the major geometric modeling&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31347,"featured_media":418792,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6578],"tags":[37406,37407,37111],"class_list":["post-418780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-engineering","tag-cad-design","tag-engineering-techniques","tag-geometric-modeling"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/418780","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/31347"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=418780"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/418780\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":418995,"href":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/418780\/revisions\/418995"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/418792"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=418780"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=418780"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dutable.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=418780"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}