Skip to main content
Log in

Women in relationships with cross-dressing men: A descriptive study from a nonclinical setting

  • Published:
Archives of Sexual Behavior Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Over a 6-year period, 106 women involved with men who cross-dress (mostly heterosexual transvestites) completed a questionnaire regarding themselves, their male partners, and their relationships. Interview data supplemented these questionnaires for 75% of the respondents. All respondents were recruited from nonclinical settings. The “modal” female partner was a 40-year-old Protestant, Caucasian woman, who was a firstborn child, in her first marriage. She was more likely than other women her age to be childless, and to have earned at least a 2-year college degree. She was no more likely to have had lesbian experiences or substance use problems than comparably aged American women. She had been married to her cross-dressing mate for 13 years and had known of his activities for 9 years. A quarter of women reported at least occasional sexual arousal to their mate's cross-dressing. The two variables associated with low acceptance of cross-dressing were discovery of their partner's cross-dressing after marriage and lack of sexual arousal to cross-dressing stimuli. Low acceptance was unrelated to firstborn status, amount of exposure to cross-dressing activities, or having had children. This group may be more representative of women in relationships with cross-dressing men than previous reports limited to cross-dressers and spouses who are in treatment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+
from €37.37 /Month
  • Starting from 10 chapters or articles per month
  • Access and download chapters and articles from more than 300k books and 2,500 journals
  • Cancel anytime
View plans

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (Netherlands)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (1987).Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd ed., rev., APA, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, G. R. (1990). The transvestite husband.Med. Aspects Hum. Sex. 24: 35–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, G. R., and Collier L. (1989). Transvestites' women revisited: A nonpatient sample.Arch. Sex. Behav. 18: 73–83.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bullough, V., and Weinberg, T. (1988). Women married to transvestites: Problems and adjustments.J. Psychol. Hum. Sex. 1: 83–104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Calogeras, R. (1987). The transvestite and his wife.Psychoanal. Rev. 74: 517–535.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Costa, P., and McCrae, R. (1985).The NEO Personality Inventory Manual, Psychological Assessment Resources, Odessa, FL.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, K. B. (1929).Factors in the Sex Life of Twenty-Two Hundred Women, Harper and Brothers, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Derogatis, L., and Melisaratos, N. (1979). The DSFI: A multidimensional measure of sexual functioning.J. Sex Marital Ther. 5: 244–281.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Docter, R. (1988).Transvestites and Transsexuals: Toward a Theory of Cross-Gender Behavior, Plenum Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Falbo, T. (1981). Relationships between birth category, achievement, and interpersonal orientation.J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 41: 121–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feinbloom, D. (1976).Transvestites and Transsexuals, Dell, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleiss, J. (1981).Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions, 2nd ed., Wiley, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fullerton, C., Ursano, R., Wetzler, H., and Slusarcick, A. (1989). Birth order, psychological well-being, and social supports in young adults,J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 177: 556–559.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goffman, E. (1963).Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, R. (1985). Gender identity in childhood and later sexual orientation: Follow-up of 78 males.Am. J. Psychiat. 142: 339–341.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green, R. (1987).The “Sissy Boy Syndrome” and the Development of Homosexuality, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardman, R., Hoopes, M., and Harper, J. (1987). Verbal interaction styles of two marital combinations: Based on a systems approach to sibling positions.Am. J. Fam. Ther. 15(2): 131–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heer, D. (1986). Effect of number, order and spacing of siblings on child and adult outcomes: An overview of current research.Soc. Biol. 33: 1–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hite, S. (1976).The Hite Report, Dell, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hite, S. (1981).The Hite Report on Male Sexuality, A. Knopf, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kinsey, A., Pomeroy, W., Martin, C., and Gebhard, P. (1953).Sexual Behavior in the Human Female, W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marjoribanks, K. (1987). Birth order and sibsize correlates of educational attainment and occupational status.Psychol. Rep. 61: 147–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • McConaghy, N. (1982). Sexual deviation. In Bellack, A., Hersen, M., and Kazdin, A. (eds.),International Handbook of Behavior Modification and Therapy, Chap. 22, Plenum Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Center for Health Statistics. (1991). Advance report of final natality statistics, 1989.Monthly Vital Statist. Rep. 40(8): 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prince, V., & Bentler, P. M. (1972). Survey of 504 cases of transvestism.Psychol. Rep. 31: 903–917.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robins, L. N., and Regier, D. A. (eds.). (1991).Psychiatric Disorders in America: The Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study, Free Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roid, G., and Fitts, W. (1988).Manual for the Tennessee Self Concept Scale, Western Psychological Services, Los Angeles.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schacter, S. (1959).The Psychology of Affiliation: Experiemental Studies of the Sources of Gregariousness, Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steiner, B., and Bernstein, S. (1981). Famale-to-male transsexuals and their partners.Can J. Psychiat. 26: 178–182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stoller, R. (1967). Transvestites' women.Am. J. Psychiat. 124: 89–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sutton, J., and McIntire, W. (1977). Relationship of ordinal position and sex in neuroticism in adults.Psychol. Rep. 41: 843–846.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Talamini, J. T. (1982).Boys Will Be Girls: The Hidden World of the Heterosexual Male Transvestite, Washington, D.C., University Press of America.

    Google Scholar 

  • U. S. Bureau of the Census. (1989).Fertility of American women, June 1988. Current population reports (Series P-20, no. 436). Department of Commerce, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weinberg, T., and Bullough, V. (1988). Alienation, self-image, and the importance of support groups for the wives of transvestites.J. Sex. Res. 24: 262–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wise, T. N. (1985). Coping with a transvestite mate: Clinical implications.J. Sex Marital Ther. 11: 293–300.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wise, T. N., Dupkin, C., and Meyer, J. K. (1981). Partners of distressed transvestites.Am. J. Psychiat. 138: 1221–1224.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wise, T. N., and Meyers, J. K. (1980). Transvestites who become gender dysphoric.Arch. Sex Behav. 9: 323–337.

    Google Scholar 

  • Women Associated with Crossdressers Support Group Newsletter. Spring, 1992. Bulverde, Texas.

  • Woodhouse, A. (1985). Forgotten women: Transvestism and marriage.Women's Stud. Inst. Forum. 8: 853–592.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuger, B. (1988). Is early effeminate behavior in boys early homosexuality?Comprehen. Psychiat. 29: 509–519.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuger, B. (1989). Homosexuality in families of boys with early effeminate behavior: An epidemiological study.Arch. Sex. Behav. 18: 155–166.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Brown, G.R. Women in relationships with cross-dressing men: A descriptive study from a nonclinical setting. Arch Sex Behav 23, 515–530 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01541495

Download citation

  • Issue date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01541495

Key words