Skip to main content

Resilient Artificial Intelligence for Environmental Protection and Renewable Energy

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances on P2P, Parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet Computing (3PGCIC 2025)

Abstract

In the current environmental context, characterized by an ever-increasing focus on ecosystem protection and climate change, there is a need to develop new technologies capable of monitoring environmental protection and potential adverse scenarios. Resilient Artificial Intelligence (Resilient AI) is a new technology useful for ensuring the operational continuity, accuracy, and safety of critical systems. It enables the detection of anomalies, predicting extreme events, and enabling timely decisions to support environmental protection. Resilient AI promotes the adoption of renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaics, by integrating them into smart grids, improving their efficiency and stability, reducing the risk of outages, minimizing false alarms, and supporting the energy transition towards more sustainable, reliable, and safe systems. The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of current and future developments in Resilient AI, highlighting its potential, key challenges, and application prospects in various sectors. Through targeted simulations, the vulnerabilities of AI systems deployed in critical infrastructures essential to daily life (e.g., electricity grids, water, transportation, and telecommunications) will be analyzed, and strategies to improve their security and operational robustness will be evaluated.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+
from €37.37 /Month
  • Starting from 10 chapters or articles per month
  • Access and download chapters and articles from more than 300k books and 2,500 journals
  • Cancel anytime
View plans

Buy Now

Chapter
EUR 29.95
Price includes VAT (Netherlands)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
EUR 181.89
Price includes VAT (Netherlands)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
EUR 239.79
Price includes VAT (Netherlands)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Chen, T., Guestrin, C.: XGBoost: a scalable tree boosting system. In: Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Vassilev, A., Oprea, A., Fordyce, A., Anderson, H., Davies, X., Hamin, M.: Adversarial Machine Learning: A Guide for Practitioners. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publication (2025)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Papernot, N., et al.: The limitations of deep learning in adversarial settings. In: European Symposium on Security and Privacy (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Russell, S.J., Norvig, P.: Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. Prentice Hall (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Smale, R., van Vliet, B., Spaargaren, G.: When social practices meet smart grids: flexibility, grid management, and domestic consumption in The Netherlands. Energy Res. Soc. Sci. 34 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2017.06.037

  6. Zahid, H., et al.: Transforming nano grids to smart grid 3.0: AI, digital twins, blockchain, and the metaverse revolutionizing the energy ecosystem. Results Eng. 27, 105850 (2025)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Amato, F., Moscato, F.: Model transformations of mapreduce design patterns for automatic development and verification. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 110, 52–59 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2016.12.017

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Taliotis, C., et al.: The effect of electric vehicle deployment on renewable electricity generation in an isolated grid system: the case study of Cyprus. Front. Energy Res. 8, 205 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2020.00205

  9. Jasmine, J., Germin Nisha, M., Prasad, R.: Enhancing smart grid reliability with advanced load forecasting using deep learning. Electr. Eng. 107, 7437–7455 (2025)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Moscato, F., Vittorini, V., Amato, F., Mazzeo, A., Mazzocca, N.: Solution workflows for model-based analysis of complex systems. IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng. 9, 83–95 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1109/TASE.2011.2161981

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Ajani, S.N., Khobragade, P., Dhone, M., Ganguly, B., Shelke, N., Parati, N.: Advancements in computing: emerging trends in computational science with next-generation computing. Int. J. Intell. Syst. Appl. Eng. 12, 546–559 (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Amato, F., Coppolino, L., Mercaldo, F., Moscato, F., Nardone, R., Santone, A.: CAN-bus attack detection with deep learning. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 22(8), 5081–5090 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2020.3046974

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Anser, M.K., Sajjad, F., Nassani, A.A., Al-aiban, K.M., Zaman, K., Haffar, M.: Urban Energy efficiency in China: examining the role of renewable energy, smart grids, and sustainable design through spatial and policy perspectives (1990–2022). Energy Build. 339, 115791 (2025)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Algburi, S., et al.: Optimizing smart grid flexibility with a hybrid Minlp framework for renewable integration in urban energy systems. Energy Rep. 14, 508–523 (2025)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Deshpande, V., et al.: Resilient smart grids: enhancing core electrical systems for sustainable energy. Acta Energetica 1/48, 78–87 (2024)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Wan, C., Xu, Z., Pinson, P., Dong, Z.Y., Wong, K.P.: Probabilistic forecasting of wind power generation using extreme learning machine. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 29, 1033–1044 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Yang, P., Li, S., Qin, S., Wang, L., Hu, M., Yang, F.: Smart grid enterprise decision-making and economic benefit analysis based on LSTM-GAN and edge computing algorithm. Alex. Eng. J. 104, 314–327 (2024)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Sinha, N., Jain, V., Himanshu, Sehrawat, R., Dhingra, S.: Synergizing the future: electric vehicles, artificial intelligence, and smart grids. Smart Grids Sustain. Energy 10, 17 (2025)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Zhao, C.F., Wan, C., Song, Y.H.: An adaptive bilevel programming model for nonparametric prediction intervals of wind power generation. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 35, 424–439 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Aljarrah, E.: AI-based model for prediction of power consumption in smart grid-smart way towards smart city using blockchain technology. Intell. Syst. Appl. 24, 200440 (2024)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Mo, Y., et al.: Cyber-Physical security of a smart grid infrastructure. Proc. IEEE 100(1), 195–209 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Sanjab, A., Saad, W.: Power system analysis: competitive markets, demand management, and security. In: Handbook of Dynamic Game Theory, pp. 1185–1222. Springer (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Cui, S., Han, Z., Kar, S., Kim, T.T., Poor, H.V., Tajer, A.: Coordinated data-injection attack and detection in the smart grid: a detailed look at enriching detection solutions. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 29(5), 106–115 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Pacheco, J., Hariri, S.: IoT security framework for smart cyber infrastructures. In: Proceedings of IEEE 1st InternationaL Workshops on Foundations and Applications of Self Systems, pp. 242–247 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ashok, A., Govindarasu, M.: Cyber attacks on power system state estimation through topology errors. In: Proceedings of IEEE Power Energy Society General Meeting, pp. 1–8 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Depoy, J., Phelan, J., Sholander, P., Smith, B., Varnado, G.B., Wyss, G.: Risk assessment for physical and cyber attacks on critical infrastructures. In: Proceedings of IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM), pp. 1961–1969 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Giani, A., Bitar, E., Garcia, M., McQueen, M., Khargonekar, P., Poolla, K.: Smart grid data integrity attacks: characterizations and countermeasures . In: Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm), pp. 232–237 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Esmali Falak, M., Liu, L., Nguyen, N., Zheng, R., Han, Z.: Detecting stealthy false data injection using machine learning in smart grid. IEEE Syst. J. 11(3), 1644–1652 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Teixeira, A., Amin, S., Sandberg, H., Johansson, K.H., Sastry, S.S.: Cyber security analysis of state estimators in electric power systems. In: Proceedings of 49th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC), pp. 5991–5998 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Estensori, A., Pons, E., Huang, T., Bompard, E.: Techno-economic impacts of automatic undervoltage load shedding under emergency. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 131, 168–177 (2016). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378779615003120

  31. Ashok, A., Wang, P., Brown, M., Govindarasu, M.: Experimental evaluation of cyber attacks on automatic generation control using a CPS security testbed. In: Proceedings of IEEE Power Energy Society General Meeting, pp. 1–5 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Goodfellow, I.J., et al.: Explaining and Harnessing Adversarial Examples. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6572 (2014)

  33. Madry, A., et al.: Towards deep learning models resistant to adversarial attacks. In: International Conference on Learning Representations (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Carlini, N., Wagner, D.: Towards evaluating adversarial defenses. In: IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Zhao, M., Zhang, L., Ye, J., Lu, H., Yin, B., Wang, X.: Adversarial Training: A Survey. arXiv:2410.15042 (2024)

  36. Meng, D., Chen, J.: Magnet: a two-pronged defense against adversarial examples. In: ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  37. https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/pcbreviglieri/smart-grid-stability/data

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alberto Moccardi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2026 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Cirillo, E., Del Prete, A., Mashaallah, Z., Moccardi, A. (2026). Resilient Artificial Intelligence for Environmental Protection and Renewable Energy. In: Barolli, L., Ishida, T., Dantas, M. (eds) Advances on P2P, Parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet Computing. 3PGCIC 2025. Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, vol 277. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-10344-4_7

Download citation

Keywords

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Profiles

  1. Alberto Moccardi