{"id":991296,"date":"2024-12-27T08:27:22","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T00:27:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/991296.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T08:27:24","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T00:27:24","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%af%bb%e5%8f%96excel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/991296.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6Excel"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25065644\/46a691af-ca22-4124-a6e5-48c7b87e1139.webp\" alt=\"Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93\u662fPandas\u548cOpenPyXL\u3002<strong>Pandas\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800cOpenPyXL\u5219\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8eExcel\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u3001Pandas\u8bfb\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb\uff0cOpenPyXL\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u591aExcel\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e93\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u60a8\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PANDAS\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Pandas\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5e93\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u4fbf\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f<code>read_excel()<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5c06Excel\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\u4e3aDataFrame\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1. \u5b89\u88c5Pandas<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Pandas\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Pandas\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u901a\u8fc7pip\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install pandas<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2. \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528<code>read_excel()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5177\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pandas as pd<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>df = pd.read_excel(&#39;file.xlsx&#39;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8f93\u51faDataFrame<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>print(df)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3. \u6307\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5982\u679cExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>sheet_name<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u8bfb\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/p>\n<p>df = pd.read_excel(&#39;file.xlsx&#39;, sheet_name=&#39;Sheet1&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4. \u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u503c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>na_values<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u503c\u5e94\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u6307\u5b9a\u7f3a\u5931\u503c<\/p>\n<p>df = pd.read_excel(&#39;file.xlsx&#39;, na_values=[&#39;NA&#39;, &#39;Missing&#39;])<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528OPENPYXL\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>OpenPyXL\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u652f\u6301Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4Pandas\uff0cOpenPyXL\u5bf9Excel\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u52a0\u5168\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1. \u5b89\u88c5OpenPyXL<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b89\u88c5OpenPyXL\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install openpyxl<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2. \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>load_workbook()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u52a0\u8f7dExcel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528<code>active<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from openpyxl import load_workbook<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u52a0\u8f7dExcel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>workbook = load_workbook(&#39;file.xlsx&#39;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>sheet = workbook.active<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u540d\u79f0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>print(sheet.title)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3. \u8bbf\u95ee\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>OpenPyXL\u5141\u8bb8\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u5355\u5143\u683c\u540d\u79f0\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u8bbf\u95ee\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<p>value = sheet[&#39;A1&#39;].value<\/p>\n<p>print(value)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u884c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>value = sheet.cell(row=1, column=1).value<\/p>\n<p>print(value)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4. \u904d\u5386\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u904d\u5386\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\u6216\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u884c<\/p>\n<p>for row in sheet.iter_rows(values_only=True):<\/p>\n<p>    print(row)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5217<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>for column in sheet.iter_cols(values_only=True):<\/p>\n<p>    print(column)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001PANDAS\u4e0eOPENPYXL\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>Pandas\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\uff1a<\/strong> Pandas\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/strong> \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7b80\u6d01\u6613\u7528\uff1a<\/strong> \u4ee3\u7801\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><p><strong>OpenPyXL\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Excel\u529f\u80fd\u652f\u6301\u5168\u9762\uff1a<\/strong> \u652f\u6301Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u516c\u5f0f\u3001\u56fe\u8868\u3001\u6837\u5f0f\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u9ad8\uff1a<\/strong> \u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5bf9Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u5916\u90e8\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56Excel\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u72ec\u7acb\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4e14\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528Pandas\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u4fee\u6539\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u516c\u5f0f\u548c\u56fe\u8868\u7b49\uff0c\u5219OpenPyXL\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e94\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9664\u4e86Pandas\u548cOpenPyXL\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982xlrd\uff08\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u652f\u6301.xlsx\u683c\u5f0f\uff09\u3001pyexcel\u7b49\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u504f\u597d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e93\u6765\u5b8c\u6210Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6570\u636e\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u6c42\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f<code>pandas<\/code>\u548c<code>openpyxl<\/code>\u3002<code>pandas<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u800c<code>openpyxl<\/code>\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8eExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u591aExcel\u7279\u6027\u3002\u6839\u636e\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u80fd\u5426\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0d\u540c\u683c\u5f0f\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982.xls\u548c.xlsx\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u662f\u7684\uff0cPython\u4e2d\u7684<code>pandas<\/code>\u5e93\u652f\u6301\u8bfb\u53d6\u591a\u79cdExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<code>.xls<\/code>\u548c<code>.xlsx<\/code>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>pd.read_excel()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e93\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<code>openpyxl<\/code>\u540c\u6837\u652f\u6301<code>.xlsx<\/code>\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u7559Excel\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u4e00\u65e6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4ee5DataFrame\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>pandas<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7b5b\u9009\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u3001\u805a\u5408\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec<code>df.describe()<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c<code>df.groupby()<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u7ec4\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c<code>df.plot()<\/code>\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u76f4\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93\u662fPandas\u548cOpenPyXL\u3002Pand [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":991308,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/991296"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=991296"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/991296\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":991311,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/991296\/revisions\/991311"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/991308"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=991296"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=991296"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=991296"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}