{"id":1184571,"date":"2025-01-15T19:28:11","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T11:28:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1184571.html"},"modified":"2025-01-15T19:28:14","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T11:28:14","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%b8%8b%e8%bd%bd%e5%ae%9a%e6%97%b6%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1184571.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\"<\/p>\n

Python\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684time\u6a21\u5757\u3001sched\u6a21\u5757\u3001threading\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5982APScheduler\u7b49\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528time.sleep()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528sched\u6a21\u5757\u521b\u5efa\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528threading\u6a21\u5757\u521b\u5efa\u5b9a\u65f6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u4f7f\u7528APScheduler\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528APScheduler\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5176\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

APScheduler\uff08Advanced Python Scheduler\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684API\u6765\u8c03\u5ea6\u4efb\u52a1\u3002APScheduler\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u8c03\u5ea6\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u56fa\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u3001\u6bcf\u5929\u3001\u6bcf\u5468\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u3001\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u5b58\u50a8\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5APScheduler\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528APScheduler\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install apscheduler<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001APScheduler\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528APScheduler\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from apscheduler.schedulers.background import BackgroundScheduler<\/p>\n
from apscheduler.triggers.interval import IntervalTrigger<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
APScheduler\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662fBackgroundScheduler\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
scheduler = BackgroundScheduler()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u4efb\u52a1\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5728\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u89e6\u53d1\u65f6\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def my_job():<\/p>\n
    print("Hello, World!")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528add_job\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u89e6\u53d1\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6bcf\u969410\u79d2\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
scheduler.add_job(my_job, IntervalTrigger(seconds=10))<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u542f\u52a8\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u542f\u52a8\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u540e\uff0c\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u5c06\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
scheduler.start()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
6\u3001\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4fdd\u6301\u8fd0\u884c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u540e\u53f0\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7time.sleep()\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    while True:<\/p>\n
        time.sleep(1)<\/p>\n
except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):<\/p>\n
    scheduler.shutdown()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002APScheduler\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001APScheduler\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528CronTrigger<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86IntervalTrigger\uff0cAPScheduler\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86CronTrigger\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167cron\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6bcf\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a8\u70b9\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from apscheduler.triggers.cron import CronTrigger<\/p>\n
scheduler.add_job(my_job, CronTrigger(hour=8, minute=0))<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u6301\u4e45\u5316<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
APScheduler\u652f\u6301\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5373\u4f7f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528JobStore\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4efb\u52a1\u6301\u4e45\u5316\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u5b58\u50a8\u5230SQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from apscheduler.jobstores.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemyJobStore<\/p>\n
jobstores = {<\/p>\n
    'default': SQLAlchemyJobStore(url='sqlite:\/\/\/jobs.sqlite')<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
scheduler = BackgroundScheduler(jobstores=jobstores)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u6267\u884c\u5668\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
APScheduler\u5141\u8bb8\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u6267\u884c\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u7075\u6d3b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from apscheduler.executors.pool import ThreadPoolExecutor, ProcessPoolExecutor<\/p>\n
executors = {<\/p>\n
    'default': ThreadPoolExecutor(20),<\/p>\n
    'processpool': ProcessPoolExecutor(5)<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
scheduler = BackgroundScheduler(executors=executors, jobstores=jobstores)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u76d1\u542c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u542c\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4efb\u52a1\u5f00\u59cb\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u7ed3\u675f\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u5931\u8d25\u7b49\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def my_listener(event):<\/p>\n
    if event.exception:<\/p>\n
        print(f'The job crashed : {event.job_id}')<\/p>\n
    else:<\/p>\n
        print(f'The job worked : {event.job_id}')<\/p>\n
scheduler.add_listener(my_listener, EVENT_JOB_EXECUTED | EVENT_JOB_ERROR)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001APScheduler\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u6848\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b9a\u65f6\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7APScheduler\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9a\u65f6\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import smtplib<\/p>\n
from emAI<\/a>l.mime.text import MIMEText<\/p>\n
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart<\/p>\n
def send_email():<\/p>\n
    sender_email = "your_email@example.com"<\/p>\n
    receiver_email = "receiver_email@example.com"<\/p>\n
    password = "your_password"<\/p>\n
    message = MIMEMultipart("alternative")<\/p>\n
    message["Subject"] = "Scheduled Email"<\/p>\n
    message["From"] = sender_email<\/p>\n
    message["To"] = receiver_email<\/p>\n
    text = "This is a scheduled email."<\/p>\n
    part = MIMEText(text, "plain")<\/p>\n
    message.attach(part)<\/p>\n
    with smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.example.com", 465) as server:<\/p>\n
        server.login(sender_email, password)<\/p>\n
        server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, message.as_string())<\/p>\n
scheduler.add_job(send_email, CronTrigger(hour=8, minute=0))<\/p>\n
scheduler.start()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5b9a\u65f6\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7APScheduler\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9a\u65f6\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import shutil<\/p>\n
def backup_database():<\/p>\n
    source = 'path\/to\/database.db'<\/p>\n
    destination = 'path\/to\/backup\/database_backup.db'<\/p>\n
    shutil.copyfile(source, destination)<\/p>\n
    print("Database backup completed.")<\/p>\n
scheduler.add_job(backup_database, CronTrigger(day_of_week='sun', hour=23, minute=59))<\/p>\n
scheduler.start()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
APScheduler\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\u5e93\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u8c03\u5ea6\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u79cd\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u638c\u63e1\u4e86APScheduler\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\u548c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7075\u6d3b\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0cAPScheduler\u90fd\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684threading<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7threading.Timer<\/code>\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u57285\u79d2\u540e\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import threading\n\ndef hello():\n    print("Hello, World!")\n\ntimer = threading.Timer(5.0, hello)\ntimer.start()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
Python\u4e2d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\uff1f<\/strong>
\u9664\u4e86threading<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0cPython\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982schedule<\/code>\u548cAPScheduler<\/code>\u3002schedule<\/code>\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u5b89\u6392\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6267\u884c\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u800cAPScheduler<\/code>\u5219\u66f4\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5982cron\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406Python\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u6267\u884c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528try...except<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
def SAFe<\/a>_function():\n    try:\n        # \u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\n        risky_operation()\n    except Exception as e:\n        print(f"An error occurred: {e}")\n\ntimer = threading.Timer(5.0, safe_function)\ntimer.start()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5373\u4f7f\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e5f\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684time\u6a21\u5757\u3001sched\u6a21\u5757\u3001threading\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4ee5 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1184577,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1184571"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1184571"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1184571\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1184582,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1184571\/revisions\/1184582"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1184577"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1184571"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1184571"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1184571"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}