`grid` CSS property

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since October 2017.

The grid CSS property is a shorthand property that sets all of the explicit and implicit grid properties in a single declaration.

Using grid you specify one axis using grid-template-rows or grid-template-columns, you then specify how content should auto-repeat in the other axis using the implicit grid properties: grid-auto-rows, grid-auto-columns, and grid-auto-flow.

Try it

grid: auto-flow / 1fr 1fr 1fr;

grid: auto-flow dense / 40px 40px 1fr;

grid: repeat(3, 80px) / auto-flow;

<section class="default-example" id="default-example">
  <div class="example-container">
    <div class="transition-all" id="example-element">
      <div>One</div>
      <div>Two</div>
      <div>Three</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</section>

#example-element {
  border: 1px solid #c5c5c5;
  display: grid;
  grid-gap: 10px;
  width: 200px;
}

#example-element :nth-child(1) {
  background-color: rgb(0 0 255 / 0.2);
  border: 3px solid blue;
}

#example-element :nth-child(2) {
  background-color: rgb(255 0 200 / 0.2);
  border: 3px solid rebeccapurple;
  grid-column: auto / span 3;
  grid-row: auto / span 2;
}

#example-element :nth-child(3) {
  background-color: rgb(94 255 0 / 0.2);
  border: 3px solid green;
  grid-column: auto / span 2;
}

Note: The sub-properties you don't specify are set to their initial value, as normal for shorthands. Also, the gutter properties are NOT reset by this shorthand.

Constituent properties

This property is a shorthand for the following CSS properties:

Syntax

css

/* <'grid-template'> values */
grid: none;
grid: "a" 100px "b" 1fr;
grid: [line-name1] "a" 100px [line-name2];
grid: "a" 200px "b" min-content;
grid: "a" minmax(100px, max-content) "b" 20%;
grid: 100px / 200px;
grid: minmax(400px, min-content) / repeat(auto-fill, 50px);

/* <'grid-template-rows'> /
   [ auto-flow && dense? ] <'grid-auto-columns'>? values */
grid: 200px / auto-flow;
grid: 30% / auto-flow dense;
grid: repeat(3, 200px) / auto-flow 300px;
grid: [line1] minmax(20em, max-content) / auto-flow dense 40%;

/* [ auto-flow && dense? ] <'grid-auto-rows'>? /
   <'grid-template-columns'> values */
grid: auto-flow / 200px;
grid: auto-flow dense / 30%;
grid: auto-flow 300px / repeat(3, 200px);
grid: auto-flow dense 40% / [line1] minmax(20em, max-content);

/* Global values */
grid: inherit;
grid: initial;
grid: revert;
grid: revert-layer;
grid: unset;

Values

<'grid-template'>

Defines the grid-template including grid-template-columns, grid-template-rows and grid-template-areas.

<'grid-template-rows'> / [ auto-flow && dense? ] <'grid-auto-columns'>?

Sets up an auto-flow by setting the row tracks explicitly via the grid-template-rows property (and the grid-template-columns property to none) and specifying how to auto-repeat the column tracks via grid-auto-columns (and setting grid-auto-rows to auto). grid-auto-flow is also set to column accordingly, with dense if it's specified.

All other grid sub-properties are reset to their initial values.

[ auto-flow && dense? ] <'grid-auto-rows'>? / <'grid-template-columns'>

Sets up an auto-flow by setting the column tracks explicitly via the grid-template-columns property (and the grid-template-rows property to none) and specifying how to auto-repeat the row tracks via grid-auto-rows (and setting grid-auto-columns to auto). grid-auto-flow is also set to row accordingly, with dense if it's specified.

All other grid sub-properties are reset to their initial values.

Formal definition

Initial value	as each of the properties of the shorthand: `grid-template-rows`: `none` `grid-template-columns`: `none` `grid-template-areas`: `none` `grid-auto-rows`: `auto` `grid-auto-columns`: `auto` `grid-auto-flow`: `row` `grid-column-gap`: `0` `grid-row-gap`: `0` `column-gap`: `normal` `row-gap`: `normal`
Applies to	grid containers
Inherited	no
Percentages	as each of the properties of the shorthand: `grid-template-rows`: refer to corresponding dimension of the content area `grid-template-columns`: refer to corresponding dimension of the content area `grid-auto-rows`: refer to corresponding dimension of the content area `grid-auto-columns`: refer to corresponding dimension of the content area
Computed value	as each of the properties of the shorthand: `grid-template-rows`: as specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengths `grid-template-columns`: as specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengths `grid-template-areas`: as specified `grid-auto-rows`: the percentage as specified or the absolute length `grid-auto-columns`: the percentage as specified or the absolute length `grid-auto-flow`: as specified `grid-column-gap`: the percentage as specified or the absolute length `grid-row-gap`: the percentage as specified or the absolute length `column-gap`: as specified, with <length>s made absolute, and normal computing to zero except on multi-column elements `row-gap`: as specified, with <length>s made absolute, and normal computing to zero except on multi-column elements
Animation type	as each of the properties of the shorthand: `grid-template-rows`: simple list of length, percentage, or calc, provided the only differences are in the values of the length, percentage, or calc components in the list `grid-template-columns`: simple list of length, percentage, or calc, provided the only differences are in the values of the length, percentage, or calc components in the list `grid-template-areas`: discrete `grid-auto-rows`: by computed value type `grid-auto-columns`: by computed value type `grid-auto-flow`: discrete `grid-column-gap`: a length `grid-row-gap`: a length `column-gap`: a length, percentage or calc(); `row-gap`: a length, percentage or calc();

Formal syntax

grid = 
  <'grid-template'>                                   |
  <'grid-template-rows'> / [ auto-flow && dense? ] <'grid-auto-columns'>?  |
  [ auto-flow && dense? ] <'grid-auto-rows'>? / <'grid-template-columns'>  

<grid-template> = 
  none                                                |
  [ <'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'> ]  |
  [ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?  

<grid-template-rows> = 
  none                       |
  <track-list>               |
  <auto-track-list>          |
  subgrid <line-name-list>?  

<grid-auto-columns> = 
  <track-size>+  

<grid-auto-rows> = 
  <track-size>+  

<grid-template-columns> = 
  none                       |
  <track-list>               |
  <auto-track-list>          |
  subgrid <line-name-list>?  

<line-names> = 
  '[' <custom-ident>* ']'  

<track-size> = 
  <track-breadth>                                   |
  minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <track-breadth> )  |
  fit-content( <length-percentage [0,∞]> )          

<explicit-track-list> = 
  [ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>?  

<track-list> = 
  [ <line-names>? [ <track-size> | <track-repeat> ] ]+ <line-names>?  

<auto-track-list> = 
  [ <line-names>? [ <fixed-size> | <fixed-repeat> ] ]* <line-names>? <auto-repeat> [ <line-names>? [ <fixed-size> | <fixed-repeat> ] ]* <line-names>?  

<line-name-list> = 
  [ <line-names> | <name-repeat> ]+  

<track-breadth> = 
  <length-percentage [0,∞]>  |
  <flex [0,∞]>               |
  min-content                |
  max-content                |
  auto                       

<inflexible-breadth> = 
  <length-percentage [0,∞]>  |
  min-content                |
  max-content                |
  auto                       

<length-percentage> = 
  <length>      |
  <percentage>  

<track-repeat> = 
  repeat( [ <integer [1,∞]> ] , [ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>? )  

<fixed-size> = 
  <fixed-breadth>                                   |
  minmax( <fixed-breadth> , <track-breadth> )       |
  minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <fixed-breadth> )  

<fixed-repeat> = 
  repeat( [ <integer [1,∞]> ] , [ <line-names>? <fixed-size> ]+ <line-names>? )  

<auto-repeat> = 
  repeat( [ auto-fill | auto-fit ] , [ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>? )  

<name-repeat> = 
  repeat( [ <integer [1,∞]> | auto-fill ] , <line-names>+ )  

<integer> = 
  <number-token>  

<fixed-breadth> = 
  <length-percentage [0,∞]>

Examples

Creating a grid layout

HTML

html

<div id="container">
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
</div>

CSS

css

#container {
  display: grid;
  grid: repeat(2, 60px) / auto-flow 80px;
}

#container > div {
  background-color: #8ca0ff;
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
}