AI analysis of medical images at scale as a health disparities probe: a feasibility demonstration using chest radiographs.

Karen Drukker

Heather M. Whitney Hui Li 0024 Karen Drukker Elbert Huang Maryellen L. Giger AI analysis of medical images at scale as a health disparities probe: a feasibility demonstration using chest radiographs. 2025 April abs/2504.05990 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.05990 db/journals/corr/corr2504.html#abs-2504-05990 streams/journals/corr

Karen Drukker Hui Li 0024 Maryellen L. Giger Longitudinal robustness of a thoracic radiographic AI model for COVID-19 severity prediction. 2023 Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2653636 conf/miipop/2023 db/conf/miipop/miipop2023.html#Drukker0G23 Karen Drukker Berkman Sahiner Tingting Hu Hyun J. Grace Kim Heather M. Whitney Natalie M. Baughan Kyle J. Myers Maryellen L. Giger Michael F. McNitt-Gray Assistance tools for the evaluation of machine learning algorithm performance: the decision tree-based tools developed by the Medical Imaging and Data Resource Center (MIDRC) Technology Development Project (TDP) 3c effort. 2023 Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2654250 conf/miipop/2023 db/conf/miipop/miipop2023.html#DrukkerSHKWBMGM23 Heather M. Whitney Hui Li 0024 Karen Drukker Michael Reeve Maryellen L. Giger Investigation of demographic implicit discrimination and disparate impact in chest radiography image-based AI for COVID-19 severity prediction. 2023 Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2654076 conf/miipop/2023 db/conf/miipop/miipop2023.html#Whitney0DRG23 Natalie M. Baughan Heather M. Whitney Karen Drukker Berkman Sahiner Tingting Hu Hyun J. Grace Kim Michael F. McNitt-Gray Kyle J. Myers Maryellen L. Giger Sequestration of imaging studies in MIDRC: a multi-institutional data commons. 2022 Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2610239 conf/miipop/2022 db/conf/miipop/miipop2022.html#BaughanWDSHKMMG22 Heather M. Whitney Karen Drukker Hiroyuki Abe Maryellen L. Giger Case-based repeatability and operating point variability of AI: breast lesion classification based on deep transfer learning. 2022 Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2612405 conf/miipop/2022 db/conf/miipop/miipop2022.html#WhitneyDAG22 Karen Drukker Khan M. Iftekharuddin Medical Imaging 2022: Computer-Aided Diagnosis, San Diego, CA, USA, February 20-24, 2022 / online, March 21-27, 2022 Computer-Aided Diagnosis SPIE Proceedings 12033 SPIE 2022 9781510649415 9781510649422 https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-SPIE/12033.toc db/conf/micad/micad2022.html Paul Amstutz Karen Drukker Hui Li 0024 Hiroyuki Abe Maryellen L. Giger Heather M. Whitney Case-based diagnostic classification repeatability using radiomic features extracted from full-field digital mammography images of breast lesions. 2021 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2580743 conf/micad/2021 db/conf/micad/micad2021.html#AmstutzD0AGW21 Roma Bhattacharjee Lindsay Douglas Karen Drukker Qiyuan Hu Jordan D. Fuhrman Deepa Sheth Maryellen L. Giger Comparison of 2D and 3D U-Net breast lesion segmentations on DCE-MRI. 2021 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2581846 conf/micad/2021 db/conf/micad/micad2021.html#BhattacharjeeDD21 Qiyuan Hu Karen Drukker Maryellen L. Giger Role of standard and soft tissue chest radiography images in COVID-19 diagnosis using deep learning. 2021 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2581977 conf/micad/2021 db/conf/micad/micad2021.html#HuDG21 Michelle de Oliveira Karen Drukker Michael Vieceli Hiroyuki Abe Maryellen L. Giger Heather M. Whitney Comparison of diagnostic performances, case-based repeatability, and operating sensitivity and specificity in classification of breast lesions using DCE-MRI. 2021 Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2581883 conf/miipop/2021 db/conf/miipop/miipop2021.html#OliveiraDVAGW21 Maciej A. Mazurowski Karen Drukker Medical Imaging 2021: Computer-Aided Diagnosis, Online, February 15-20, 2021 Computer-Aided Diagnosis SPIE Proceedings 11597 SPIE 2021 9781510640238 9781510640245 https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-SPIE/11597.toc db/conf/micad/micad2021.html Karen Drukker Alexandra Edwards John Papaioannou Maryellen L. Giger Deep learning predicts breast cancer recurrence in analysis of consecutive MRIs acquired during the course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. 2020 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2549044 conf/micad/2020 db/conf/micad/micad2020.html#DrukkerEPG20 Michael Vieceli Amy Van Dusen Karen Drukker Hiroyuki Abe Maryellen L. Giger Heather M. Whitney Case-based repeatability of machine learning classification performance on breast MRI. 2020 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2548144 conf/micad/2020 db/conf/micad/micad2020.html#VieceliDDAGW20 Amy Van Dusen Michael Vieceli Karen Drukker Hiroyuki Abe Maryellen L. Giger Heather M. Whitney Repeatability profiles towards consistent sensitivity and specificity levels for machine learning on breast DCE-MRI. 113160I 2020 Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2548159 conf/miipop/2020 db/conf/miipop/miipop2020.html#DusenVDAGW20 Karen Drukker Iman El-Bawab Alexandra Edwards Christopher Doyle John Papaioannou Kirti Kulkarni Maryellen L. Giger Breast MRI radiomics for the pre-treatment prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in node-positive breast cancer patients. 109502N 2019 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513561 conf/micad/2019 db/conf/micad/micad2019.html#DrukkerEEDPKG19 Heather M. Whitney Karen Drukker Alexandra Edwards John Papaioannou Maryellen L. Giger Effect of biopsy on the MRI radiomics classification of benign lesions and luminal A cancers. 107180H 2018 IWBI https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2318387 conf/iwbi/2018 db/conf/iwbi/iwbi2018.html#WhitneyDEPG18 Heather M. Whitney Karen Drukker Alexandra Edwards John Papaioannou Maryellen L. Giger Robustness of radiomic breast features of benign lesions and luminal A cancers across MR magnet strengths. 105750A 2018 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2293764 conf/micad/2018 db/conf/micad/micad2018.html#WhitneyDEPG18 Karen Drukker Rachel Anderson Alexandra Edwards John Papaioannou Fred Pineda Hiroyuki Abe Gregory Karzcmar Maryellen L. Giger Radiomics for ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI in the diagnosis of breast cancer: a pilot study. 105753U 2018 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2293644 conf/micad/2018 db/conf/micad/micad2018.html#DrukkerAEPPAKG18 Karen Drukker Benjamin Q. Huynh Maryellen L. Giger Serghei Malkov Jesús I. Ávila Bo Fan 0001 Bonnie N. Joe Karla Kerlikowske Jennifer S. Drukteinis Leila Kazemi Malesa M. Pereira John Shepherd 0002 Deep learning and three-compartment breast imaging in breast cancer diagnosis. 101341F 2017 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2254516 conf/micad/2017 db/conf/micad/micad2017.html#DrukkerHGMAFJKD17 Serghei Malkov Jesús Ávila Bo Fan 0001 Bonnie N. Joe Karla Kerlikowske Maryellen L. Giger Karen Drukker Jennifer S. Drukteinis Leila Kazemi Malesa Pereira John Shepherd 0002 Calibration Procedure of Three Component Mammographic Breast Imaging. 211-218 2016 Digital Mammography / IWDM https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41546-8_28 conf/mammo/2016 db/conf/mammo/iwdm2016.html#MalkovAFJKGDDKP16 Jesús Ávila Serghei Malkov Maryellen L. Giger Karen Drukker John A. Shepherd 0002 Energy Dependence of Water and Lipid Calibration Materials for Three-Compartment Breast Imaging. 554-563 2016 Digital Mammography / IWDM https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41546-8_70 conf/mammo/2016 db/conf/mammo/iwdm2016.html#AvilaMGDS16 Karen Drukker Serghei Malkov Jesús Ávila Karla Kerlikowske Bonnie N. Joe Gregor Krings Jennifer Creasman Jennifer S. Drukteinis Malesa M. Pereira Leila Kazemi John Shepherd 0002 Maryellen L. Giger Identification, segmentation, and characterization of microcalcifications on mammography. 97850S 2016 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2216274 conf/micad/2016 db/conf/micad/micad2016.html#DrukkerMAKJKCDP16 Serghei Malkov Fred Duewer Karla Kerlikowske Karen Drukker Maryellen L. Giger John Shepherd 0002 Compositional Three-Component Breast Imaging of Fibroadenoma and Invasive Cancer Lesions: Pilot Study. 109-114 2014 Digital Mammography / IWDM https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07887-8_16 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57393892 conf/mammo/2014 db/conf/mammo/iwdm2014.html#MalkovDKDGS14 Karen Drukker Maryellen L. Giger Fred Duewer Serghei Malkov Christopher I. Flowers Bonnie N. Joe Karla Kerlikowske Jennifer S. Drukteinis John Shepherd 0002 Roles of biologic breast tissue composition and quantitative image analysis of mammographic images in breast tumor characterization. 90351U 2014 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043746 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57393905 conf/micad/2014 db/conf/micad/micad2014.html#DrukkerGDMFJKDS14

Karen Drukker Maryellen L. Giger Lina Arbash Meinel Adam Starkey Jyothi Janardanan Hiroyuki Abe Quantitative ultrasound image analysis of axillary lymph node status in breast cancer patients. 895-903 2013 8 Int. J. Comput. Assist. Radiol. Surg. 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-013-0829-3 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q44806378 db/journals/cars/cars8.html#DrukkerGMSJA13

Hsien-Chi Kuo Maryellen L. Giger Ingrid S. Reiser Karen Drukker Alexandra Edwards Charlene A. Sennett Automatic 3D lesion segmentation on breast ultrasound images. 867025 2013 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2008014 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57393909 conf/micad/2013 db/conf/micad/micad2013.html#KuoGRDES13 Andrew R. Jamieson Karen Drukker Maryellen L. Giger Breast image feature learning with adaptive deconvolutional networks. 831506 2012 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.910710 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57393920 conf/micad/2012 db/conf/micad/micad2012.html#JamiesonDG12

Weijie Chen 0007 Charles E. Metz Maryellen L. Giger Karen Drukker A Novel Hybrid Linear/Nonlinear Classifier for Two-Class Classification: Theory, Algorithm, and Applications. 428-441 2010 29 IEEE Trans. Medical Imaging 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMI.2009.2033596 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45875235 db/journals/tmi/tmi29.html#ChenMGD10

Neha Bhooshan Maryellen L. Giger Karen Drukker Yading Yuan Hui Li 0024 Stephanie McCann Gillian Newstead Charlene A. Sennett Performance of Triple-Modality CADx on Breast Cancer Diagnostic Classification. 9-14 2010 Digital Mammography / IWDM https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13666-5_2 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57393946 conf/mammo/2010 db/conf/mammo/iwdm2010.html#BhooshanGDYLMNS10 Karen Drukker Lorenzo L. Pesce Maryellen L. Giger Repeatability and classifier bias in computer-aided diagnosis for breast ultrasound. 76242B 2010 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.844889 conf/micad/2010 db/conf/micad/micad2010.html#DrukkerPG10

Karen Drukker Charlene A. Sennett Maryellen L. Giger Automated Method for Improving System Performance of Computer-Aided Diagnosis in Breast Ultrasound. 122-128 2009 28 IEEE Trans. Medical Imaging 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMI.2008.928178 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57393952 db/journals/tmi/tmi28.html#DrukkerSG09

Yulei Jiang Richard M. Zur Lorenzo L. Pesce Karen Drukker A study of the effect of noise injection on the training of artificial neural networks. 1428-1432 2009 IJCNN https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2009.5178981 conf/ijcnn/2009 db/conf/ijcnn/ijcnn2009.html#JiangZPD09 Neha Bhooshan Maryellen L. Giger Darrin C. Edwards Karen Drukker Sanaz Jansen Hui Li 0024 Li Lan Gillian Newstead Using three-class BANN classifier in the automated analysis of breast cancer lesions in DCE-MRI. 72600J 2009 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.813507 conf/micad/2009 db/conf/micad/micad2009.html#BhooshanGEDJLLN09 Karen Drukker Nicholas Gruszauskas Maryellen L. Giger Principal component analysis, classifier complexity, and robustness of sonographic breast lesion classification. 72602B 2009 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.811341 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57393959 conf/micad/2009 db/conf/micad/micad2009.html#DrukkerGG09 Karen Drukker Maryellen L. Giger Computerized self-assessment of automated lesion segmentation in breast ultrasound: implication for CADx applied to findings in the axilla. 69150G 2008 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.772029 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57393968 conf/micad/2008 db/conf/micad/micad2008.html#DrukkerG08 Maryellen L. Giger Yading Yuan Hui Li 0024 Karen Drukker Weijie Chen 0007 Li Lan Karla Horsch Progress in Breast Cadx. 508-511 2007 ISBI https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBI.2007.356900 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57394011 conf/isbi/2007 db/conf/isbi/isbi2007.html#GigerYLDCLH07 Karen Drukker Charlene A. Sennett Maryellen L. Giger The effect of image quality on the appearance of lesions on breast ultrasound: implications for CADx. 65141E 2007 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.707743 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57394015 conf/micad/2007 db/conf/micad/micad2007.html#DrukkerSG07 Nicholas Gruszauskas Karen Drukker Maryellen L. Giger An image database management system for conducting CAD research. 651428 2007 Computer-Aided Diagnosis https://doi.org/10.1117/12.710432 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57393990 conf/micad/2007 db/conf/micad/micad2007.html#GruszauskasDG07 Nicholas Gruszauskas Karen Drukker Maryellen Lissak Giger Character recognition and image manipulation for the clinical translation of CAD for breast ultrasound. 2005 Image Processing https://doi.org/10.1117/12.595664 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57394042 conf/miip/2005 db/conf/miip/miip2005.html#GruszauskasDG05 Karen Drukker Darrin C. Edwards Maryellen Lissak Giger Robert M. Nishikawa Charles E. Metz Computerized detection and 3-way classification of breast lesions on ultrasound images. 2004 Image Processing https://doi.org/10.1117/12.534339 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57394068 conf/miip/2004 db/conf/miip/miip2004.html#DrukkerEGNM04 Karen Drukker Maryellen Lissak Giger Carl J. Vyborny Robert A. Schmidt Ellen B. Mendelson Michael Stern Computerized detection and classification of lesions on breast ultrasound. 2003 Image Processing https://doi.org/10.1117/12.480856 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57394092 conf/miip/2003 db/conf/miip/miip2003.html#DrukkerGVSMS03 Karen Drukker Maryellen Lissak Giger Karla Horsch Carl J. Vyborny Computerized analysis of sonograms for the detection of breast lesions. 2002 Image Processing https://doi.org/10.1117/12.467093 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57394099 conf/miip/2002 db/conf/miip/miip2002.html#DrukkerGHV02 Hiroyuki Abe Paul Amstutz Rachel Anderson Jesús ÁvilaJesús I. Ávila Natalie M. Baughan Roma Bhattacharjee Neha Bhooshan Weijie Chen 0007 Jennifer Creasman Lindsay Douglas Christopher Doyle Jennifer S. Drukteinis Fred Duewer Amy Van Dusen Alexandra Edwards Darrin C. Edwards Iman El-Bawab Bo Fan 0001 Chris I. FlowersChristopher I. Flowers Jordan D. Fuhrman Maryellen L. GigerMaryellen Lissak Giger Nicholas Gruszauskas Karla Horsch Qiyuan Hu Tingting Hu Elbert Huang Benjamin Q. Huynh Khan M. Iftekharuddin Andrew R. Jamieson Jyothi Janardanan Sanaz Jansen Yulei Jiang Bonnie N. Joe Gregory Karzcmar Leila Kazemi Karla Kerlikowske Hyun J. KimHyun J. Grace Kim Gregor Krings Kirti Kulkarni Hsien-Chi Kuo Li Lan Hui Li 0024 Serghei Malkov Maciej A. Mazurowski Stephanie McCann Michael F. McNitt-Gray Lina Arbash Meinel Ellen B. Mendelson Charles E. Metz Kyle J. Myers Gillian Newstead Robert M. Nishikawa Michelle de Oliveira John Papaioannou Malesa PereiraMalesa M. Pereira Lorenzo L. Pesce Fred Pineda Michael Reeve Ingrid S. Reiser Berkman Sahiner Robert A. Schmidt Charlene A. Sennett John A. Shepherd 0002John Shepherd 0002 Deepa Sheth Adam Starkey Michael Stern Michael Vieceli Carl J. Vyborny Heather M. Whitney Yading Yuan Richard M. Zur