AXI Marks the Spot: Towards Automated Reverse Engineering in SoC Netlists.

Nils Albartus https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-1134 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q130892141 Arjun Suresh Nils Albartus Daniel E. Holcomb AXI Marks the Spot: Towards Automated Reverse Engineering in SoC Netlists. 524-530 2026 ACM Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI https://doi.org/10.1145/3787109.3815226 conf/glvlsi/2026 db/conf/glvlsi/glvlsi2026.html#SureshAH26 Nils Albartus Hardware reverse engineering and its implications for hardware protections and hardware trojans. 2025 Ruhr University Bochum, Germany https://hss-opus.ub.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/opus4/frontdoor/index/index/docId/13040 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-130401 https://d-nb.info/136579685X Simon Klix Felix Hahn Maik Ender Nils Albartus Christof Paar Russell Tessier Silicon Heist: (Ransom) Attacks for AMD Cloud FPGAs via Privilege Escalation. Zenodo 2025 August https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16950451 streams/repo/zenodo

Julian Speith Jörn Langheinrich Marc Fyrbiak Max Hoffmann 0001 Sebastian Wallat Simon Klix Nils Albartus René Walendy Steffen Becker 0003 Christof Paar HAL - An Open-Source Framework for Gate-Level Netlist Analysis. 2025 December abs/2512.14139 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.14139 db/journals/corr/corr2512.html#abs-2512-14139 streams/journals/corr

Nils Albartus Maik Ender Jan-Niklas Möller Marc Fyrbiak Christof Paar Russell Tessier On the Malicious Potential of Xilinx's Internal Configuration Access Port (ICAP). 26:1-26:28 2024 June 17 ACM Trans. Reconfigurable Technol. Syst. 2 https://doi.org/10.1145/3633204 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q130892145 db/journals/trets/trets17.html#AlbartusEMFPT24

Simon Klix Nils Albartus Julian Speith Paul Staat Alice Verstege Annika Wilde Daniel Lammers Jörn Langheinrich Christian Kison Sebastian Sester-Wehle Daniel E. Holcomb Christof Paar Stealing Maggie's Secrets-On the Challenges of IP Theft Through FPGA Reverse Engineering. 3391-3405 2024 CCS https://doi.org/10.1145/3658644.3690235 conf/ccs/2024 db/conf/ccs/ccs2024.html#KlixASSVWLLKSHP24 Simon Klix Nils Albartus Julian Speith Paul Staat Jörn Langheinrich Alice Verstege Annika Wilde Daniel Lammers Christian Kison Sebastian Sester-Wehle Daniel E. Holcomb Christof Paar Artifact: Stealing Maggie's Secrets - On the Challenges of IP Theft Through FPGA Reverse Engineering. 2024 July https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12780075 Zenodo streams/repo/zenodo Nils Albartus Maik Ender Jan-Niklas Möller Marc Fyrbiak Christof Paar Russell Tessier On the Malicious Potential of Xilinx' Internal Configuration Access Port (ICAP). 1 2023 ICFPT https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFPT59805.2023.00059 conf/fpt/2023 db/conf/fpt/icfpt2023.html#AlbartusEMFPT23

Simon Klix Nils Albartus Julian Speith Paul Staat Alice Verstege Annika Wilde Daniel Lammers Jörn Langheinrich Christian Kison Sebastian Sester Daniel E. Holcomb Christof Paar Stealing Maggie's Secrets - On the Challenges of IP Theft Through FPGA Reverse Engineering. 2023 abs/2312.06195 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2312.06195 db/journals/corr/corr2312.html#abs-2312-06195

Mark Fischer Fabian Langer Johannes Mono Clemens Nasenberg Nils Albartus Hardware Penetration Testing Knocks Your SoCs Off. 14-21 2021 38 IEEE Des. Test 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/MDAT.2020.3013730 db/journals/dt/dt38.html#FischerLMNA21

Leonid Azriel Julian Speith Nils Albartus Ran Ginosar Avi Mendelson Christof Paar A survey of algorithmic methods in IC reverse engineering. 299-315 2021 11 J. Cryptogr. Eng. 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13389-021-00268-5 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q114848890 db/journals/jce/jce11.html#AzrielSAGMP21

Florian Stolz Nils Albartus Julian Speith Simon Klix Clemens Nasenberg Aiden Gula Marc Fyrbiak Christof Paar Tim Güneysu Russell Tessier LifeLine for FPGA Protection: Obfuscated Cryptography for Real-World Security. 412-446 2021 2021 IACR Trans. Cryptogr. Hardw. Embed. Syst. 4 https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2021.i4.412-446 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q114843783 db/journals/tches/tches2021.html#StolzASKNGFPGT21

Nils Albartus Clemens Nasenberg Florian Stolz Marc Fyrbiak Christof Paar Russell Tessier On the Design and Misuse of Microcoded (Embedded) Processors - A Cautionary Note. 267-284 2021 USENIX Security Symposium https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity21/presentation/albartus conf/uss/2021 db/conf/uss/uss2021.html#AlbartusNSFPT21

Carina Wiesen Steffen Becker 0003 Nils Albartus Christof Paar Nikol Rummel Promoting the Acquisition of Hardware Reverse Engineering Skills. 2021 abs/2105.13725 CoRR https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.13725 db/journals/corr/corr2105.html#abs-2105-13725

Steffen Becker 0003 Carina Wiesen Nils Albartus Nikol Rummel Christof Paar An Exploratory Study of Hardware Reverse Engineering Technical and Cognitive Processes. 2021 abs/2105.14943 CoRR https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.14943 db/journals/corr/corr2105.html#abs-2105-14943

Nils Albartus Clemens Nasenberg Florian Stolz Marc Fyrbiak Christof Paar Russell Tessier On the Design and Misuse of Microcoded (Embedded) Processors - A Cautionary Note. 663 2021 2021 IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch. https://eprint.iacr.org/2021/663 db/journals/iacr/iacr2021.html#AlbartusNSFPT21

Mark Fischer Fabian Langer Johannes Mono Clemens Nasenberg Nils Albartus Hardware Penetration Testing Knocks Your SoCs Off. 693 2021 2021 IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch. https://eprint.iacr.org/2021/693 db/journals/iacr/iacr2021.html#FischerLMNA21

Florian Stolz Nils Albartus Julian Speith Simon Klix Clemens Nasenberg Aiden Gula Marc Fyrbiak Christof Paar Tim Güneysu Russell Tessier LifeLine for FPGA Protection: Obfuscated Cryptography for Real-World Security. 1277 2021 2021 IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch. https://eprint.iacr.org/2021/1277 db/journals/iacr/iacr2021.html#StolzASKNGFPGT21

Leonid Azriel Julian Speith Nils Albartus Ran Ginosar Avi Mendelson Christof Paar A survey of algorithmic methods in IC reverse engineering. 1278 2021 2021 IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch. https://eprint.iacr.org/2021/1278 db/journals/iacr/iacr2021.html#AzrielSAGMP21

Nils Albartus Max Hoffmann 0001 Sebastian Temme Leonid Azriel Christof Paar DANA Universal Dataflow Analysis for Gate-Level Netlist Reverse Engineering. 309-336 2020 2020 IACR Trans. Cryptogr. Hardw. Embed. Syst. 4 https://doi.org/10.13154/tches.v2020.i4.309-336 db/journals/tches/tches2020.html#AlbartusHTAP20

Steffen Becker 0003 Carina Wiesen Nils Albartus Nikol Rummel Christof Paar An Exploratory Study of Hardware Reverse Engineering - Technical and Cognitive Processes. 285-300 2020 SOUPS @ USENIX Security Symposium https://www.usenix.org/conference/soups2020/presentation/becker conf/soups/2020 db/conf/soups/soups2020.html#0001WARP20

Nils Albartus Max Hoffmann 0001 Sebastian Temme Leonid Azriel Christof Paar DANA - Universal Dataflow Analysis for Gate-Level Netlist Reverse Engineering. 751 2020 2020 IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch. https://eprint.iacr.org/2020/751 db/journals/iacr/iacr2020.html#AlbartusHTAP20

Carina Wiesen Nils Albartus Max Hoffmann 0001 Steffen Becker 0003 Sebastian Wallat Marc Fyrbiak Nikol Rummel Christof Paar Towards cognitive obfuscation: impeding hardware reverse engineering based on psychological insights. 104-111 2019 ASP-DAC https://doi.org/10.1145/3287624.3288741 conf/aspdac/2019 db/conf/aspdac/aspdac2019.html#WiesenA0BWFRP19 Sebastian Wallat Nils Albartus Steffen Becker 0003 Max Hoffmann 0001 Maik Ender Marc Fyrbiak Adrian Drees Sebastian Maaßen Christof Paar Highway to HAL: open-sourcing the first extendable gate-level netlist reverse engineering framework. 392-397 2019 CF https://doi.org/10.1145/3310273.3323419 conf/cf/2019 db/conf/cf/cf2019.html#WallatA00EFDMP19 Carina Wiesen Steffen Becker 0003 Nils Albartus Christof Paar Nikol Rummel Promoting the Acquisition of Hardware Reverse Engineering Skills. 1-9 2019 FIE https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE43999.2019.9028668 conf/fie/2019 db/conf/fie/fie2019.html#Wiesen0APR19

Carina Wiesen Nils Albartus Max Hoffmann 0001 Steffen Becker 0003 Sebastian Wallat Marc Fyrbiak Nikol Rummel Christof Paar Towards Cognitive Obfuscation: Impeding Hardware Reverse Engineering Based on Psychological Insights. 2019 abs/1910.00323 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.00323 db/journals/corr/corr1910.html#abs-1910-00323

Sebastian Wallat Nils Albartus Steffen Becker 0003 Max Hoffmann 0001 Maik Ender Marc Fyrbiak Adrian Drees Sebastian Maaßen Christof Paar Highway to HAL: Open-Sourcing the First Extendable Gate-Level Netlist Reverse Engineering Framework. 2019 abs/1910.00350 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.00350 db/journals/corr/corr1910.html#abs-1910-00350

Marc Fyrbiak Sebastian Wallat Jonathan Déchelotte Nils Albartus Sinan Böcker Russell Tessier Christof Paar On the Difficulty of FSM-based Hardware Obfuscation. 1163 2019 2019 IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch. https://eprint.iacr.org/2019/1163 db/journals/iacr/iacr2019.html#FyrbiakWDABTP19

Marc Fyrbiak Sebastian Wallat Jonathan Déchelotte Nils Albartus Sinan Böcker Russell Tessier Christof Paar On the Difficulty of FSM-based Hardware Obfuscation. 293-330 2018 2018 IACR Trans. Cryptogr. Hardw. Embed. Syst. 3 https://doi.org/10.13154/tches.v2018.i3.293-330 db/journals/tches/tches2018.html#FyrbiakWDABTP18

Carina Wiesen Steffen Becker 0003 Marc Fyrbiak Nils Albartus Malte Elson Nikol Rummel Christof Paar Teaching Hardware Reverse Engineering: Educational Guidelines and Practical Insights. 438-445 2018 TALE https://doi.org/10.1109/TALE.2018.8615270 conf/tale/2018 db/conf/tale/tale2018.html#WiesenBFAERP18 Leonid Azriel Steffen Becker 0003 Sinan Böcker Jonathan Déchelotte Adrian Drees Malte Elson Maik Ender Mark Fischer Marc Fyrbiak Ran Ginosar Aiden Gula Tim Güneysu Felix Hahn Max Hoffmann 0001 Daniel E. Holcomb Christian Kison Simon Klix Daniel Lammers Fabian Langer Jörn Langheinrich Sebastian Maaßen Avi Mendelson Jan-Niklas Möller Johannes Mono Clemens Nasenberg Christof Paar Nikol Rummel Sebastian SesterSebastian Sester-Wehle Julian Speith Paul Staat Florian Stolz Arjun Suresh Sebastian Temme Russell Tessier Alice Verstege René Walendy Sebastian Wallat Carina Wiesen Annika Wilde