Comparative lexical database of Mande languages

by Valentin Vydrin

imported from Toolbox database June, 2025

• Search forms by a semantic code in the list :
• Search in the column “Sense” :
  
• Search for a word in a language : All languagesBamanaBandiBankaBarkaBengBoboBobo KonabereBokoBokobaruBusaCliffs BozoDanDan KlaDuunDzuunEaster DanGbanGbinGioGooGuroJalkunaJalonkeJaxankaJenne BozoJeriJogoJogo-JeriJowuluJulaJula-KongJula-OjenneKagoroKakabeKelengaKogayaKono (G)Kono (SL)KorankoKoroKpanKpelleKpelle SouthernKpenKyangaLebirLeleLokoLoomaMandinkaManinkaManinka-KitaManinka-NyokoloMano ManyaMarfa-DafingMauMendeMogofinMwanNgenNumuSanSan MatyaSan MayaSaneSeekuSeenku NorthernShangaSoninkeSorogama NorthernSusuTiema CeweTigemaxoTigemaxoTuraVaiWanWoroduguXasonkaYalunkaYaureZialo{Proto} {Proto}
  
• Search for *proto-forms in : Select a proto languageBoboEasternJogo-JeriMandingMokoleSamoghoSoninke-BozoSouth MandeSouthwestern MandeSusu-JalonkeVai-Kono
• Choose a *protoMande-form Select a proto-Mande form*(ǹ-)sɔlɔ [excrement of baby]*-ka [dweller (suffix)]*-ya [abstract suffix]*ba [big (suffix)]*ba (?) [be-3]*baaDa [favourite wife]*baki-na [Acacia]*balV [hinder-2]*barabara [boil-1]*baraŋda [banana-1]*bari [because-1]*basi [satin wood (Terminalia ivorensis)]*baxaa [blue-1]*baxabaxa [frighten-1]*baŋ [end-1]*baŋ [refuse (to)-1]*baŋba [crocodile-1]*baŋbuŋ [carry on the back-1]*bà [goat-1]*bàaTa [calabash-2]*bàayẼ (?) [aunt, paternal-1]*bàntVŋŋ (?) [ceiba (Ceiba pentandra)-1]*báDa [home]*báƙa, *báƙa̰ (?) [lizard-1]*beLa [fall (to)-1]*Beŋkeŋ [branch-3]*béŋba [ancestor]*Biliŋ [drum-3]*biliŋ [encircle-1]*biri [call-6]*biŋ [grass-1]*biŋbi [swell-1]*bĩlĩ [roll (to)-1]*bOlEŋ [calabash bottle]*bòndoŋ [granary-1]*bóleŋ [branch-1]*bu(ŋ) [bottom-2]*budubudu [crumb-1]*bugu [ashes-1]*bugubugu [fling]*buo [wake up-2]*butiŋ [bury]*buxuŋ [fog-1]*bũ [stomach, belly-6]*bɔrɔ [rot-1]*bɔtu [penis-1]*bɔŋxɛŋ (?) [brain-4]*bɔɔlɔ [grow]*bɔ̀rɔɣwɛ [barren-1]*bɔ̀ɔdɔ [bag-1]*bɛlɛ [side-1]*bɛ́ɛ [all-1]*da [hibiscus-1]*daaxaa [camp]*dala [bridge, of lianes]*daŋba [thigh-4]*daŋbi [bug-1]*daŋga [damn, curse-1]*dàŋse [calf (of leg)-1]*dáŋ [count-3]*dáŋda [assist]*dãa [far]*dãlã [teach (to)]*dege [imitate-1]*deguŋ [hinder-1]*deyɔ̃-ɗɛ̃ [baby]*dÈLi [habit]*di [cry-3]*dia [pleasure]*dìbi [darkness-1]*dìyɛ̃ [agree-2]*DOGO [earth-1]*doɓũ [eat (to)-1]*Dufu [ashes-3]*duŋ [deep-1]*dùŋduŋ [drum-1]*dũ [hang-1]*dũɓĩ [pain-1]*dɔŋdɔ [borrow-1]*dɔ̀Lã [ant-3]*dɔ̀lɔ [alcoholic drink]*dɔ̃ [enter (to)-2]*dɛŋ [hang-6]*dɛ̀ɛmaa [help-1]*dɩ [good-2]*dɩ, *ndɩ [who?-1]*dʋ [one-1]*faaLE [crocodile-2]*faama [absence (long)]*Fali [donkey]*fà [father-1]*fàngá [force-1]*Fàté [body-1]*fálÉŋ [exchange]*fe [give (to)-3]*féu [completely]*fili [boil-3]*fĩLɛ̃ [breathe (to)-1]*fO [greet-1]*fuuDV [blow-2]*fuxa [force-3]*fuxaŋ (?) [aluminium]*fuye [dust-4]*fɔ́lɔ [first-1; to begin]*fɩlɛ [flute-1]*gbada [thigh-1]*gbànã [bald-2]*gbàŋ-bɛlɛ [albino-2]*gbã [shoulder-2]*gbãɗã [bachelor]*gbɛ [big-3]*gbɛla [front-3]*gbɛra [dog-2]*gbɛ̀lɛxa [arm-1]*gbɛ̃lɛ̃gbɛ̃lɛ̃ [cry-2]*gbʋ [excrement-1]*Geraŋ [fry (to)-1]*Girindi [belch (to)]*gola [wilderness-2]*Goro [cola nut]*guleeŋ [heat-1]*guli [divide-2]*guwɛ [ceiba (Ceiba pentandra)-2]*gwulu [dog-1]*gwɔŋgwɔŋ [bark, to-1]*gwɔ̀ŋbɔ [bark (of tree)-3]*gɔla [big-6]*gɔɔ [boat-5]*gɔ̃gɔ̃ [millipede]*gʋ, *gɛ [go away (to)]*gʋŋgʋ? [hump-4]*ja [dry]*janga [adultery-1]*jasa [fence-1]*Jaŋ [here-2]*jáxu [evil-1]*jeŋde [axe-4]*ji [water-1]*jigĩ [descend-1]*jìgiyala-tígi [host]*jo [fetish, idol-1]*joli [blood-4]*jòŋbo [hair, feather-2]*ju [bottom-1]*júko [character-2]*jɔ̀lɔxɔ [chain-1]*jɔ̀lɔŋ [descend-2]*Jɛŋkɛŋ [bend-5]*jɛ̀lɩ [griot]*jɩ ~ *jè [see (to)-1]*ka [father-4]*kaa [crab-1]*kadaBa [compel]*kari [hoe-2]*kaɓɛ̃ [hundred]*kàaBa [astonish]*Kereŋ [burn-1]*kìide [baobab-2]*kĩɛ̃ [heritage]*ko [affair, matter-1]*koba [bark (of tree)-6]*kOOliŋ [encircle-2]*kooree [family-1]*Koŋ [door-1]*koŋdo [banana-6]*kÓŋkì [boat-3]*kpalɛŋ [shin]*kpanga [mat-8]*kpaŋkiŋ [shoulder-5]*kpeleŋ [itch-2]*kpiliŋ [bend-3]*kpoŋ [door-2]*kpɛ [white-1]*kpɛrɛ [all-3]*KPɛŋ [chase (to)]*kuda [turtle-1]*kuga [scratch-1]*kUgU [breast-3]*kulaŋ [anvil-2]*kuu [yam (Dioscorea gen.)-1]*kuwaŋ [compound, yard]*kuŋ [able, be-4]*kuɗu [group-1]*kùmu [acid]*kũ [catch-3]*kɔaŋ [hook-2 (fishing)]*kɔdɔ [old-2]*kɔdɔŋ [male-1]*kɔrɩ [occiput-4]*kɔtɛ ~*kɔtɔ [snail-1]*kɔwɔ [war-2]*kɔŋ [neck-1]*kɔŋ [throat-2]*kɔŋdɔ [rake (to)]*kɔŋkɛ [mountain-5]*kɔɔ [hand, arm-3]*kɔɔLi(ŋ) [fail-1]*kɔ̀Lɛŋ [bark (of tree)-2]*kɔ̃ [tree-2]*kɔ̃ɔ̃lɛ̃ [chameleon-1]*kɔ̰́ɓĩŋ [bee-2]*kɛ [do-1]*kɛ̰́dɛ̃ [healthy-1]*màŋɠa [chief-1]*n-ɓoLV [friend-1]*n-ɗuŋ [nose-1]*naanE [four-1]*ni [and]*ǹ-baLansaŋ [Acacia albida (apple-ring acacia, winter thorn)]*ǹ-bidixa [cloud-1]*ǹ-dóoleŋ [hook-1 (fishing)]*ǹ-fòoLo [goitre-2]*ǹ-gbɔŋ-ku [baboon (Papio cynocephalus)-1]*ǹ-geere [hawk-2]*ǹ-karaŋ-gba [louse-4]*ǹ-kooso [eggplant, bitter (Solanum aethiopicum)-1]*ǹ-kpaliŋ [bug-2]*ǹ-kpaŋBula [hat-1]*ǹ-kɔndiŋ [harp-lute]*ǹ-kɛŋ(kɛŋ) [cheek-2]*ǹ-peŋdiŋ [fonio (Digitaria exilis)]*ǹ-piriŋpiriŋ [butterfly-1]*ǹ-saŋ [hare-1]*ǹ-sebe (?) [borassus-1]*ǹ-sO̰gV [crocodile-3]*ǹ-tãlVŋ [bell-1]*ǹ-tinba [aardvark (Orycteropus afer)-1]*ǹ-tOŋɠa [bat-2]*ǹ-tuura [bull]*ǹ-xumaaŋ [crane, crowned (Balearica pavonina)]*ǹ-xɛɛrVŋ [cricket]*ǹ-ɠita [copper-1]*ǹ-ɣwãɣwã [crow (bird)-1]*ń-tɛ̃Lã [aunt]*pa(-ka) [fill (to)-1]*paŋ [cave-1]*pàda [bark (of tree)-1]*pela, *peɗa (< **pè-ɗV) [two]*pErE [fly (to)-2]*pewu [absolutely (negative context)]*pidi [throw-1 (to)]*pinpi [darkness-3]*Pisa [better]*piŋ [black-1]*põõku [blind]*pu [ten-2]*pudu [stomach, belly-5]*puga [flower-1]*puru [white-2]*pɔŋ [fell (to)]*pɔ̀rɔŋ [bark (of tree)-4]*pɔ̃ [dig-2 (to)]*pɛ [blow-1]*pɛ [calabash-1]*pɛlɛ [battue]*pɛŋpɛŋ [wind-4]*pɛ́ŋ [all-4]*pɛ̃ [thing-2]*pʋ̀ʋŋ [drum-5, hold under the arm-pit]*sagi [basket-1]*sangbara (?) [cola rot]*sanVŋ [clean-1]*sari [scatter-1]*sayi [acacia, sp.]*saŋ [buy-1]*saŋti [comb-4]*sànba [gift]*sàŋsaŋ [fence-3]*ságata [adolescent]*ságita [approach-1]*sálan [bridge-1]*sãlã [burnt part (of food, in a pot)]*sega ~ *segaŋ [cut-5 (to)]*segbɛn-dɛŋ [hawk-1]*seŋ [all-6]*seŋ [dig-1 (to)]*si [call-4]*si-ɓʋ (?) [ashes-4]*sia [fire-3]*siina [duiker, banded]*siko [hiccup-2]*siLaŋ [broom-1]*sisi ~ *sigi [smoke-1]*siŋbi [coagulate]*siɣi ~ *tiɣi [hair-1]*sì [life (timespan)]*sòLi [early in the morning (to do)]*sòriŋ [claw, nail-1]*sòxu (?) [catch-1]*sógbaŋ [corner (external)]*susulu [deep-3]*suusaa [wipe-1]*sùŋtuŋ [garbage heap]*súuse [dare-2]*sũɓũɗɛ̃ [urine-2]*sɔ [enter (to)-1]*sɔrɔŋ [sew-2 (a cloth)]*sɔxɛ [grass-2]*sɔŋ(-dɔŋ) [heart-1]*sɔŋkɔ [wilderness-7]*sɔŋxɔŋ [elbow-2]*sɔɔŋ (?) [awl]*sɔ̀ŋ [character-1]*sɔ́ [able, be-2]*sɔ̰́à (?) [bow (weapon)-2]*sɛlɛ [earth-5]*sɛŋbɛ [force-2]*sɛɛrɛŋ [hang-3]*sɛ́ɛDɛ [group-2]*sʋgʋ [chew-2]*tA [fire-1]*ta [take-3]*taŋba [spear-1]*taŋbi [pass-3]*tála [divide-1]*tã [close-2 (to), shut (to)]*tãɓã [cheek-5]*teŋge [forehead-1]*ti [father-3]*tige [charcoal-1]*tii [black-2]*tinti [hill]*tiŋ [do-6]*tiŋdi [gum (anat.)-2]*tiŋdi-di [heel-1 (body part)]*tiŋFa [grass-4]*tĩ [fly, spring (to)-2]*tĩ [say-2]*tĩ [tendon-2]*to [remain-1]*togo [mongoose-1]*toxuŋ [cough-1]*toŋ [quiver]*toŋto [heel-3 (body part)]*tòŋkpa [arrow-2]*tu [forest-1]*tu ~ tufa [spit-2]*tugu [join]*tugu [pound-3 (to)]*tuguŋ [again-2]*tungaa [abroad]*tuŋgara [staff]*tVxuŋ [close-1 (to), shut (to)]*tɔ [draw (to; water)-2]*tɔGɔ [hip-1]*tɔlɔ [fat-2]*tɔraŋ [earth-4]*tɔxɛ [chicken-2]*tɔŋ [mountain-2]*tɔŋ [send-3]*tɔŋdɔ [chisel]*tɔ̃ŋ [fart-1]*tɛ [middle-1]*tɛgɛ [cut-4 (to)]*tɛli(ŋ) [darkness-2]*tɛ̀gɛrã [axe-3]*tʋŋdV [drip]*waa [hot-2]*waso [boast]*wuɗi [boil-5]*wɔŋ [firewood-3, heat]*xaba [cloud-4]*xabã [hair-2]*xalaŋ [covering]*xalaŋ ~ *kalaŋ [bow (weapon)-1]*xalaŋxa [bed-1]*xayi [agriculture-1]*xaɓṼ [squeeze-5]*xàŋxaŋ [foam-2]*xáta [combat]*xã [cut-1 (to)]*xeLi [call-1]*xEtOŋ [faint]*xiŋ [bite (to)]*xḭ́-gi [breast-1]*xoloŋ [empty-1]*xooLo [big-4]*xooLoŋ [cowrie-2]*xu-nɛ (?) [finger, toe]*xudu [knot-1]*xuduŋ [knee-1]*xuLaŋ [bowl (wooden)]*xuurV [cry-1]*xũlɔ̃ [fat-3]*xwãxwã [dust-3]*xwoɗe [green-1]*xwɛdɛ [dry up-2]*xwɛtɛ [difficult]*xɔ [back-3]*xɔsɔ [dirty-2]*xɔŋgɔ [hunger-1]*xɔɔdɔ (?) [back, lower part]*xɔ̃ [refuse (to)-2]*xɔ̃Lã [bitter-2]*xʋɗʋ(ŋ) [boat-1]*yaagɛ [honey-2]*yããlee [cat-2]*yãxã [feast]*yãxã [garbage-1]*yãxṼ [disgust-1]*yãɓɔ̃ [blood-1]*yá̰nã [alive-1]*yElE [hole-7]*yĩ [good-3]*yĩ [year-1]*yĩɗã [forget-1]*yũɓĩ [chew-1]*yɔ̰̀ [cereal]*yɛga [bear, give birth-3]*yɛ̃gɛ̃ [draw (a picture)]*yɛ̃ɛ̃lɛ̃ [sun-2]*zɔ̀rɔ́ [bee-1]*zɔ̃lɛ̃ [beans (Vigna unguiculata)-2]*ŋ̀-baŋ [raffia palm (Raphia gigantea)]*ŋ̀-duba-leŋ [Ficus thonningii]*ŋ̀-fʋgʋ(-fʋgʋ) [lungs-1]*ŋ̀-fʋrʋŋ [foam-1]*ŋ̀-jɔGɛ [fish (water dweller)-1]*ŋ̀-kaŋka [guinea fowl (Numida mileagris)-1]*ŋ̀-kɛrɛŋ [squirrel-1]*ŋ̀-paŋ [sabre-1]*ŋ̀-taleŋ [spider-3]*ŋ̀-teŋ [oil palm-2]*ŋ̀-ɗuli [root-1]*ŋ̀-ɣaɗVŋ [moon-1]*ŋ́-dɔgɔ [young-1]*ɓaa [fructify]*ɓala [big-1]*ɓàda [drum-2]*ɓári [bear, give birth-2]*ɓã [do-3]*ɓããLṼ [hippopotamus-1]*ɓãɓã [grandmother-1]*ɓà̰ã(-ɗɛ̃) [bird-2]*ɓe [be-1]*ɓele [big-2]*ɓélí [dry up-1]*ɓiDiŋ [bend-1]*ɓĩ [drink (to)-1]*ɓḭ̀ɗã [antelope-1]*ɓoli [goat-2]*ɓò [extract]*ɓugũ [bend-2]*ɓuo [miss-3 (to)]*ɓũ [copula of identification]*ɓɔ [go out (to)-1]*ɓɔlɛ [yam (Dioscorea gen.)-4]*ɓɔrɔ [neck-3]*ɓɔɔra [beard-1]*ɓɔ̀ɔ [bamboo-1]*ɓɔ̃ŋdɔ [handful-1]*ɓɔ̃ɗĩ [swallow-2 (to)]*ɓɔ̃ɗĩŋ [hear (to)]*ɓɔ̰́ [ball, form into]*ɓɔ̰́ɗɛ̃ [anger-1]*ɓɛɛ [fruit]*ɓɛ̰̀yɛ̃ [arrow-1]*ɓɩ̀lɩ̀ [eat (to)-2]*ɓʋdɩ [liver-2]*ɗa [lie down-1]*ɗaaɗi [advice]*ɗalaŋ [pull (to)-5]*ɗànbe [clan name-2]*ɗããxɔ [garden-1]*ɗãŋbara [dishonest]*ɗà̰ [come-1]*ɗi [fly-1 (insect)]*ɗi [go (to)]*ɗibiŋ [extinguish]*ɗiga [eat (to)-5]*ɗisi [chest-1]*ɗḭ́ḭ̀ [life (spirit)]*ɗĩĩrĩ [harness (of loom)]*ɗĩĩɗĩŋ [shadow-1]*ɗĩɠã [cow, cattle-1]*ɗoxo [cloud-3]*ɗoŋɗoŋ [count-2]*ɗóo-ɗu [five-1]*ɗuru [fog-2]*ɗuɓɛ̃ [burn-5]*ɗṼɗV̰ [adhere]*ɗɔ́gɔ [desire-2]*ɗɔ́xɔ [firewood-1]*ɗɔ́ɣa [mouth-1]*ɗɔ̃xɔ̃ [elbow-1]*ɗɔ̃xɔ̃ [hide (to)-1]*ɗɔ̰̀ɔ̃ [able, be-3]*ɗɔ̰́xɔ̃ [dirty-1]*ɗɔ̰́xɔ̃ [easy]*ɗɛsɛ [curve (to)]*ɗɛ̃ [child-1]*ɗɛ̃gɛ̃ [desire-1]*ɗɛ̃xɛ̃ [falsehood-5]*ɗɛ̃ɓṼ [bat-1]*ɗɛ̃ɗɛ̃ [cold-1]*ɗɛ̃ɗɛ̃ [guard]*ɗɛ̃ɗɛ̃ ~ *ɗɛ̃ɓɛ̃ [tongue-1]*ɗɛ̰̀ [focus particle]*ɗɛ̰̀ɛ̃ɗɛ̃ɛ̃ [console]*ɗʋ́ŋ [day-3]*ɠa [die-1]*ɠaniŋ [gold]*ɠàma [elephant-1]*ɠàŋ [foot, leg-1]*ɠila [road-1]*ɠIma [cool-1]*ɠìiŋgbo [dream-1]*ɠìnɛ́ [man, male-1]*ɠĩlã [fear-1]*ɠu [corpse-1]*ɠuli [draw (to; water)-1]*ɠuli [henhouse, sheep barn-1]*ɠɔ́(ŋ) [give (to)-1]*ɠɩ́ [arrive-1]*ɠʋlɩ [leopard-1]*ɣaliŋ (?) [claw, nail-3]*ɣaɗi [break (to)-1]*ɣã [eye]*ɣeli [egg-1]*ɣĩ [day-2]*ɣoleŋ [white-3]*ɣuɗu [mountain-4]*ɣũŋ [head-1]*ɣwiliŋ [heavy-2]*ɣɔrɔŋdɔ [snore (to)]*ɣɔ̃yɛ̃ [stranger-4]*ɣɔ̃ɗĩ [bird-1]*ɣɛ̃gɛ̃ [sand-1]*ɣʋbɩ [ashes-2]*ɲàga + ma? [garbage-2]*ɲɛ̀ŋbɛdɛ [cockroach-1]*̀ǹ-jakũɓã [cat-1]*ꝭàLagi [accuse]