Quantify navigation strategy, not just destination

Gallagher proximity, Whishaw index, and heading error reveal how animals search — not just whether they find the target.

Quantify navigation strategy, not just destination
6
Search strategy types classified
4
Standard efficiency indices
33 ms
Trajectory sampling resolution
0
Manual classification needed
The conventional approach

Latency and distance miss the strategy behind the navigation

An animal that swims directly to a hidden platform and one that circles the perimeter before stumbling upon it may have similar latencies. Only path analysis reveals whether the animal is using spatial memory, visual guidance, or random search.

  • Latency alone cannot distinguish spatial memory from lucky random search
  • Total distance conflates efficient direct paths with circuitous ones of equal length
  • Strategy classification (spatial, systematic, random) requires expert manual coding from trajectory plots
With ConductVision

Established navigation metrics computed automatically

ConductVision calculates Gallagher proximity (cumulative distance from goal), Whishaw corridor index (percentage of path within ideal corridor), path efficiency ratio, and initial heading error — the standard battery of spatial navigation measures.

  • Gallagher cumulative proximity: continuous measure of search accuracy across the entire trial
  • Whishaw corridor index: percentage of swim path within the ideal direct corridor to the goal
  • Automatic search strategy classification: direct, focal, scanning, chaining, thigmotaxis, random

Measured endpoints

Spatial navigation efficiency measures

Path efficiency indices

Path efficiency indices

Gallagher proximity, Whishaw index, path efficiency ratio (ideal/actual distance), and initial heading error per trial.

CSV · JSON
Search strategy classification

Search strategy classification

Each trial classified as direct, focal, scanning, chaining, thigmotaxis, or random based on trajectory features.

CSV
Strategy progression across training

Strategy progression across training

Multi-trial strategy transition matrix showing learning progression from random to spatial strategies across training days.

CSV · PNG

Applications

Spatial navigation paradigms

Spatial learning

Morris water maze learning curves

Path efficiency indices reveal learning trajectory more sensitively than latency alone. Strategy progression shows when animals transition from random to spatial search.

Gallagher proximity by day Strategy classification per trial Path efficiency progression
Spatial memory

Barnes maze probe trials

Probe trial search strategies distinguish spatial memory (direct/focal search near target) from procedural memory (serial search of holes).

Primary search strategy Proximity to target hole Errors before target
Working memory

Radial arm maze efficiency

Path efficiency in the radial arm maze captures whether animals use optimal win-shift strategy or revisit previously baited arms.

Working memory errors Reference memory errors Path efficiency ratio
Cognitive aging

Age-related strategy decline

Aged animals revert from spatial to non-spatial strategies. Strategy classification tracks this regression quantitatively across age groups.

Strategy type by age Efficiency decline rate Strategy regression onset
Capability
ConductVision
Conventional tools
Gallagher proximity measure
Built-in, automatic
Custom R/Python scripts required
Whishaw corridor index
Built-in, configurable corridor
Rarely available
Search strategy classification
6 strategies, automatic
Manual expert classification
Multi-trial progression
Strategy transition matrix
Trial-by-trial manual coding
Heading error analysis
Initial and cumulative heading error
Not typically available

See the strategy behind the navigation

Upload water maze or Barnes maze recordings for automatic path efficiency analysis.