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		<title>保護中: Japan’s Spending Plan for Climate and Energy 2026  -Unpacking the National Budget and GX Investment- </title>
		<link>https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11417</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Climate Integrate]]></dc:creator>
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<p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11417">保護中: Japan’s Spending Plan for Climate and Energy 2026  -Unpacking the National Budget and GX Investment- </a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></description>
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</form><p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11417">保護中: Japan’s Spending Plan for Climate and Energy 2026  -Unpacking the National Budget and GX Investment- </a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
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		<title>保護中: 日本の気候・エネルギー予算 2026：政府予算とGX投資の分析</title>
		<link>https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11416</link>
		
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		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:21:06 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>この投稿はパスワードで保護されているため抜粋文はありません。</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11416">保護中: 日本の気候・エネルギー予算 2026：政府予算とGX投資の分析</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></description>
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</form><p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11416">保護中: 日本の気候・エネルギー予算 2026：政府予算とGX投資の分析</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
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		<title>2026年の気候変動をめぐる10のハイライト</title>
		<link>https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11340</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Climate Integrate]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 06:13:25 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>≫ Download All charts（ZIP: 1MB） 2025年を振り返って&#160; 2025年は、観測史上3番目に暑い年となり、平均気温は2023&#160;– 2025年の3年平均で産業革命前から1.4 [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11340">2026年の気候変動をめぐる<br>10のハイライト</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></description>
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<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/insights"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="235" src="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1024x235.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1449" style="width:100px" srcset="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1024x235.png 1024w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-300x69.png 300w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-768x176.png 768w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1536x352.png 1536w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1200x275.png 1200w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights.png 1807w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure>



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<p class="boxed-text" style="font-size:14px"><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Offshore-Wind-in-Japan-EN.pdf"></a><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Offshore-Wind-in-Japan-JP.pdf"></a><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Japans-Spending-Plans-for-Climate-and-Energy-JP.pdf" title=""></a><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/10highlirht26_JP.zip" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫ Download All charts（ZIP: 1MB）</a></p>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>2025年を振り返って</strong>&nbsp;</h2>



<p>2025年は、観測史上3番目に暑い年となり、平均気温は2023&nbsp;– 2025年の3年平均で産業革命前から1.48℃上昇しました（世界気象機関：WMO）。日本でも、夏には複数の地点で40℃以上を記録し、熱中症の搬送者は10万人を超え、記録をとり始めた2008年以来最も多くなりました。線状降水帯の発生も連日のように報告され、気候変動の深刻さを目の当たりにするさまざまな事象が起こりました。異常気象は農業や漁業にも大きな影響をもたらしました。&nbsp;</p>



<p>国際的には、米トランプ大統領が2025年1月に政権の座について以降、気候変動の科学を否定し、政府組織の関連部門の解体、再生可能エネルギー支援の撤廃、国連機関からの脱退、化石燃料産業の優遇と、脱炭素の取り組みを次々に取り壊しており、その影響は、国際社会な脱炭素の流れの停滞にもつながっています。加えて、終わりの見えないウクライナやガザの戦争など、国際動向は混迷の中にあり、気候変動対策の先行きを見通すことがとても難しい１年でした。&nbsp;</p>



<p>国内では、政府が2月に温室効果ガス排出削減目標（2013年度比2035年60%、2040年度73%削減）を定めた「地球温暖化対策計画」、2040年度のエネルギー政策の方針を定めた「第７次エネルギー基本計画」を決定しました。2040年度までに再エネの電源の割合を4&nbsp;–&nbsp;5割に増やすとしつつ、3 – 4割を火力、2割を原子力とする内容で、現状の政策方針を大きく変えない方針です。一方、目下のエネルギー価格高騰への対応として、電気・ガスへの補助金やガソリン減税の暫定税率の廃止など、化石燃料利用に対する多額の支援を行いました。足元の再エネ導入を加速させる動きは停滞感があり、気候変動対策は、人々の危機感とは裏腹に、かすんでしまった一年でした。&nbsp;</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>2026年の行方</strong></h2>



<p>&nbsp;2026年も、トランプ米大統領が世界情勢を振り回すことになりそうですが、その影響がどのように及ぶのかは計り知れません。日本は、対米支援としてガス火力開発や次世代原子力の支援などを行う予定で、米国の化石燃料回帰になぞらえる形で日本企業の脱炭素化が後退する可能性があります。後に座礁資産となるリスクなどを考慮した中長期な視点での判断が迫られます。イラン情勢などの化石燃料価格への影響も予断を許しません。化石燃料への依存度が高く有事に脆弱な日本にとっては、安全保障上のリスクを下げるために、自国のエネルギーとして再エネを増やすことの意味を再確認する機会ではないでしょうか。&nbsp;</p>



<p>国内では、4月から日本版の排出量取引制度（GX-ETS）が始まり、対象企業は、これまでの自主的な取り組みから、政府が配分する排出枠の範囲にCO2排出を抑えることが義務付けられます。再エネに関しては、環境破壊型のメガソーラーを規制するなどのブレーキをかける動きがある一方で、促進策には力強さが欠けています。2026年は、洋上風力を含め、再エネ事業が勢いを取り戻し、より迅速に推進されることが期待されます。</p>



<p>今年も全国各地で猛暑や災害の被害が予測されます。少しでも影響を小さくし、エネルギー自立を高めていくために、未然に影響を防ぐ適応策を幅広く展開することに加え、断熱やエネルギー効率化、再エネの導入などを進め、地域のレジリエンスを高めていくことがさらに重要になっていきます。&nbsp;</p>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>解説</strong></strong></h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>1.&nbsp;CBAM本格適用【1月】　&nbsp;</strong></strong></h3>



<p>欧州連合（EU）では、炭素国境調整措置（CBAM）の本格適用が始まりました。対象輸入製品にEU同等の炭素価格の支払いが求められます。初期の対象は、鉄鋼、アルミ、セメント、肥料、電力、水素の6分野。これらの輸入に、炭素排出量に応じた「CBAM証書」の購入・償却が義務化されます。日本への当面の影響は限定的ですが、今後対象が広がると影響は大きくなります。4月から始まる日本の排出量取引制度（GX-ETS）は、炭素に価格付けする制度ですが、EU-ETSと比べると炭素価格は著しく低いため、CBAMを通じて追加支払いが求められる可能性があります。&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>2.&nbsp;衆院選【2月8日】&nbsp;</strong></strong></h3>



<p>1月23日の国会初日に高市首相が衆議院の解散を発表し、これを受けて総選挙が行われました。2月8日の投開票の結果、自民党が議席数を316と大幅に増やし、単独で過半数（233）を大きく超えました。選挙の論点は、物価高や減税などの目の前のことが焦点化され、気候変動はほとんど語られませんでした。高市政権下では、これまでの気候政策方針を踏襲していますが、優先度は低く、今後の地球温暖化対策計画・エネルギー基本計画に基づく対策の進捗を見ていく必要があります。&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>3.&nbsp;国会法案審議【2月-7月】&nbsp;</strong></strong></h3>



<p>2026年第221回国会では、太陽光パネルのリサイクルを義務づける法案、電気事業法改正案、建築物省エネ法改正案が提出されます。&nbsp;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">・太陽光パネルのリサイクル義務化法案（環境省）&nbsp;</h5>



<p>2030年代から大量廃棄が見込まれる太陽光パネルについてリサイクル制度が法制化される予定です。昨2025年に法案提出が予定されていましたが、費用負担のあり方について内閣法制局と折り合いがつかず、見送られていました。当初案のメーカーに義務付けする方法を改め、多量に事業用太陽光発電設備を排出する発電事業者や設置事業者などに義務付けする方法とされました。リサイクル・再使用を徹底していくことは太陽光発電を大きく増やしていく上でも重要です。&nbsp;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">・電気事業法の改正案（経済産業省）&nbsp;</h5>



<p>民間から資金調達が難しい長期・大規模な電源や系統投資に対し、政府が融資する新たな制度を導入する法改正が予定されています。電力広域的運営推進機関（OCCTO）が、&nbsp;地域間連系線の整備へのファイナンス支援と一体的に担う予定です。電源は50万kW以上とされているため、主に原子力発電や大型火力などが対象となり、新設・改修にかかる費用の一部を一部をOCCTO融資し、国が債務保証することも含まれると考えられています。再エネ転換には逆行する仕組みとの指摘も上がっています。&nbsp;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">・建築物省エネ法の改正案（国土交通省）&nbsp;</h5>



<p>建築物のライフサイクルアセスメント（LCA）の実施を通じて、資材の製造から建物の建設、解体までに発生するCO<sub>2</sub>排出量（ライフサイクルカーボン（LCCO<sub>2</sub>））の削減をめざす、建築物省エネ法の改正が予定されています。&nbsp;LCCO<sub>2</sub>の算定や評価の仕組みを整え、大規模事業所の建築主に届出を義務付ける方針です。Scope3まで含め、建築物の環境負荷を下げていくことがねらいです。&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>4.&nbsp;環境表示ガイドライン改定【3月】&nbsp;</strong></strong></h3>



<p>環境省が景品表示法に基づく環境表示ガイドラインを13年ぶりに改定します。国際標準化機構（ISO）との整合を図り、自社が環境表示を行う場合、いわゆる「グリーンウォッシュ」にならないよう、次の5つの要求の基本項目を定めています。</p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>あいまいな表現や環境主張は行わない</li>



<li>環境主張の内容に説明文を付ける</li>



<li>環境主張の検証に必要なデータ及び評価方法を提供可能とする</li>



<li>製品や工程の比較主張はLCA評価、数値などで適切に行う</li>



<li>評価や検証のための情報にアクセスができる。</li>
</ol>



<p>ただし、ガイドラインには法的拘束力はありません。&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>5.&nbsp;GX-ETS施行【4月】&nbsp;&nbsp;</strong></strong></h3>



<p>自主的な第1フェーズを終え、4月より日本版排出量取引制度（GX-ETS）が義務化されます。電力会社やエネルギー多消費産業などのScope1排出量が10万トン以上の300-400社が対象になります。自主的取り組みに委ねられていた大企業のCO2排出削減は、今後、国が割り当てる排出枠に止めることが求められます。国の制度設計が、温室効果ガス排出削減目標（NDC）に整合した水準で運用されるかが、制度の鍵を握ります。&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>6.&nbsp;洋上風力第1ラウンド再公募、第4ラウンド【？月】&nbsp;</strong></strong></h3>



<p>2025年に三菱商事が撤退表明した洋上風力事業の第1ラウンドの再公募と、第4ラウンドの公募が予定されていますが、時期は未定です。政府は第６次エネルギー基本計画で、2030年度までに5.7GWの洋上風力発電の運転開始目標を定めていましたが、昨年の第１ラウンドの事業者撤退で遅れが出ています。事業環境整備とともに、第１ラウンドの再公募と第４ラウンドの公募が速やかに進められ、洋上風力事業に弾みがつくことが期待されています。&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>7.&nbsp;省エネ法、太陽光発電設置目標報告制度【4月】&nbsp;</strong></strong></h3>



<p>省エネ法は、事業者に電気や燃料の報告、定期報告などの義務を課していますが、4月より、事業者に屋根置き太陽光設置について、定性的目標や報告を制度化します。ただし、義務化されるのは報告であり、太陽光発電を設置する義務はありません。&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>8.&nbsp;気候ウィーク&nbsp;【4・９・9月】</strong></strong></h3>



<p>アメリカの気候変動枠組条約・パリ協定からの離脱宣言など、さまざまな要因が重なり、気候変動をめぐる国際的な機運に低下が見られるものの、地域や非国家主体による取り組みには活気があり、脱炭素の流れは着実な動きを作り上げています。非国家主体が中心となって行われるイベントは、韓国の麗水（4月）、アゼルバイジャンのバクー（9月）、米ニューヨーク（9月）で開催が予定されており、これらのうねりが11月のCOP31につながっていきます。&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>9.&nbsp;アメリカ中間選挙【11月3日】</strong></strong></h3>



<p>米連邦議会の上下両院を改選する中間選挙が11月3日に行われます。そこに向けて、全米各州で、各党の候補者を選ぶ予備選が順次行われていきます。国内を二分し、世界を翻弄するトランプ大統領の政権運営が今後どうなるのかを占うことになる中間選挙の結果は、気候変動対策のこれからにも大きな影響を及ぼすことになります。&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>10.&nbsp;COP31【11月9 – 20日】&nbsp;</strong></strong></h3>



<p>気候変動枠組条約第31回締約国会議（COP31）は、トルコのアンタルヤで開催されます。トルコが議長国を務めますが、開催国を争ったオーストラリアが交渉議長を務める体制です。戦争や資源争奪、貿易をめぐる闘争などの地政学的なリスクが立ちはだかっていますが、気候変動は、各地の生態系を大きく狂わせ、人々の命や将来の世代の人権を奪う深刻な状況にあります。COP31では、国際協調を図り、いかに前進を図れるのか、難しい采配が求められる会議になります。&nbsp;</p><p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11340">2026年の気候変動をめぐる<br>10のハイライト</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">11340</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>2026 Japan Climate Calendar Top Ten Highlights</title>
		<link>https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11344</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Climate Integrate]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 06:13:12 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Insights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Resources]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://climateintegrate.org/?p=11344</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>≫ Download All charts（ZIP: 1MB） A look back at 2025 The year 2025 was the third warmest on record, with the th [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11344">2026 Japan Climate Calendar <br>Top Ten Highlights</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<figure data-wp-context="{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d0c7447e11c&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="core/image" data-wp-key="69d0c7447e11c" class="wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container"><img decoding="async" data-wp-class--hide="state.isContentHidden" data-wp-class--show="state.isContentVisible" data-wp-init="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on--click="actions.showLightbox" data-wp-on--load="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-window--resize="callbacks.setButtonStyles" src="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/10highlirht26-1_EN.png" alt="" class="wp-image-11352"/><button
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<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/insights-en"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="235" src="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1024x235.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1449" style="width:100px" srcset="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1024x235.png 1024w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-300x69.png 300w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-768x176.png 768w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1536x352.png 1536w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1200x275.png 1200w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights.png 1807w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure>



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<p class="boxed-text" style="font-size:14px"><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Offshore-Wind-in-Japan-EN.pdf"></a><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Offshore-Wind-in-Japan-JP.pdf"></a><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Japans-Spending-Plans-for-Climate-and-Energy-JP.pdf" title=""></a><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/10highlirht26_EN.zip" title="">≫ Download All charts（ZIP: 1MB）</a></p>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>A look back at 2025</strong></strong></h2>



<p>The year 2025 was the third warmest on record, with the three-year average temperature for 2023–2025 reaching 1.48°C above pre-industrial levels (World Meteorological Organization,&nbsp;WMO). In Japan, temperatures exceeded 40°C at&nbsp;multiple locations during the summer, and the number of people hospitalized due to heatstroke surpassed 100,000—the highest since records began in 2008.&nbsp;There were frequent reports of&nbsp;linear rainbands (successive, stationary bands of intense rainfall),&nbsp;and a range of weather events vividly&nbsp;demonstrated&nbsp;the growing severity of climate change. Extreme weather also had major impacts on agriculture and fisheries.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Internationally, since taking office in January 2025, U.S. President Donald Trump has denied climate science and systematically dismantled decarbonization efforts—disbanding relevant government bodies, rolling back support for renewable energy, disengaging from UN-led climate agreements and processes, and reviving the fossil fuel industry. These developments have contributed to a slowdown in global decarbonization efforts. At the same time, ongoing conflicts such as those in Ukraine and Gaza have deepened global instability, making it difficult to foresee progress on climate action.&nbsp;</p>



<p>In Japan, the government adopted the Global Warming Countermeasures Plan, which sets greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets&nbsp;(NDC)&nbsp;(60% by FY2035 and 73% by FY2040 compared to FY2013), along with the 7th Strategic Energy Plan, which defines energy policy through 2040. While the&nbsp;energy&nbsp;plan&nbsp;aims to increase renewables to 40–50% of the&nbsp;electricity&nbsp;mix by 2040, it still envisions 30–40% from thermal power (combustion) and around 20% from nuclear,&nbsp;largely maintaining&nbsp;the&nbsp;current&nbsp;energy&nbsp;policy. Meanwhile, in response to rising energy prices, the government implemented substantial support for fossil fuel consumption, including subsidies for electricity and gas,&nbsp;and the removal of the provisional gasoline tax rate. Efforts to accelerate renewable energy deployment have themselves stalled amid weakening momentum, and climate policy has faded from focus despite growing public concern.&nbsp;</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Outlook for 2026</strong>&nbsp;</h2>



<p>In 2026, U.S. President Trump is likely to continue exerting a strong influence on global affairs, though the extent and nature of the impact are difficult to foresee. Japan is expected to support gas-fired power development and next-generation nuclear technologies as part of cooperation with the United States, raising concerns that Japanese companies’ decarbonization efforts may regress in line with the U.S. shift back toward fossil fuels. This underscores the need&nbsp;to make decisions from a&nbsp;medium- to long-term&nbsp;perspecitive&nbsp;that takes into account the risk of such investments becoming stranded assets. Geopolitical&nbsp;developments, including the situation in Iran, also add uncertainty to fossil fuel prices. Given Japan’s high dependence on fossil fuels and vulnerability in times of crisis, this presents an opportunity to reaffirm the importance of expanding renewable energy as a secure domestic energy source.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Japan’s emissions trading system (GX-ETS) launches in April. Covered companies will move&nbsp;to a mandatory&nbsp;system&nbsp;from&nbsp;a&nbsp;voluntary efforts&nbsp;system in which CO₂ emissions kept within government-allocated allowances. Meanwhile, even as moves&nbsp;emerge&nbsp;to restrict environmentally destructive large-scale solar developments, policy support for renewable energy&nbsp;remains&nbsp;weak. In 2026, it is hoped that renewable energy projects—including offshore wind—will regain momentum and move forward more rapidly.&nbsp;</p>



<p>Across the country, extreme heat and climate-related disasters are expected. To&nbsp;minimize impacts and strengthen&nbsp;energy&nbsp;independency, it will be increasingly important to implement a wide range of adaptation measures, while also&nbsp;improving&nbsp;building&nbsp;standards, energy efficiency, and renewable energy deployment to enhance local resilience.&nbsp;</p>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Commentary</h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">1. CBAM&nbsp;Full Implementation&nbsp;(Jan)　&nbsp;</h3>



<p>The European Union (EU) has begun full implementation of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM).&nbsp;Importers are&nbsp;required&nbsp;to pay a carbon price equivalent to that applied within the EU.&nbsp;The&nbsp;initial&nbsp;scope covers six sectors: steel, aluminum, cement, fertilizers, electricity, and hydrogen.&nbsp;Importers must&nbsp;purchase&nbsp;and surrender CBAM certificates corresponding to embedded emissions. While the immediate impact on Japan is limited, it could grow significantly as the scope expands. Japan’s emissions trading system (GX-ETS), launching in April, introduces carbon pricing, but given that carbon prices in Japan are significantly lower than under the EU ETS,&nbsp;additional&nbsp;payments through CBAM may be&nbsp;required.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">2. General Election (Feb&nbsp;8)&nbsp;</h3>



<p>On January 23, the first day of the Diet session, Prime Minister&nbsp;Sanae&nbsp;Takaichi&nbsp;announced the dissolution of the House of Representatives, triggering a general election.&nbsp;In the February 8 vote, the Liberal Democratic Party&nbsp;(LDP)&nbsp;significantly increased its seats to 316, comfortably surpassing the majority threshold (233).&nbsp;Campaign debates focused primarily on immediate concerns such as inflation and tax cuts, with little attention given to climate change.&nbsp;While the&nbsp;Takaichi&nbsp;administration continues existing climate policy directions, their priority&nbsp;remains&nbsp;very&nbsp;low, making it necessary to&nbsp;monitor&nbsp;progress under the Global Warming Countermeasures Plan and Strategic Energy Plan.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">3. Parliamentary Bill Debates (Feb–Jul)&nbsp;</h3>



<p>During the 221st Diet session in 2026, several bills are expected to be introduced, including legislation on solar panel recycling, amendments to the Electricity Business Act, and revisions to the Building Energy Efficiency Act.&nbsp;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">• Mandatory Solar Panel Recycling (Ministry of the Environment)</h5>



<p>A legal framework is expected to be&nbsp;established&nbsp;for recycling solar panels, large volumes of which are projected to be discarded from the 2030s onward. Originally scheduled for submission in 2025, the bill was postponed due to disagreements with the Cabinet Legislation Bureau over cost allocation. The revised approach shifts responsibility from manufacturers to power producers and installers that generate large volumes of solar panel waste. Strengthening recycling and reuse is essential for expanding solar power deployment.</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">• Amendments to the Electricity Business Act (METI)</h5>



<p>A new system is planned&nbsp;by METI (Ministry&nbsp;of Economy,&nbsp;Trade&nbsp;and Industry)&nbsp;to&nbsp;provide government financing for large-scale, long-term power generation and grid investments that are difficult to fund privately. The Organization for Cross-regional Coordination of Transmission Operators (OCCTO) is expected to&nbsp;take&nbsp;this role alongside financing support for the development of interregional transmission lines.&nbsp;Eligible&nbsp;power generation&nbsp;projects&nbsp;will be&nbsp;facilities&nbsp;with capacities of 500 MW or more,&nbsp;mainly&nbsp;nuclear&nbsp;and large-scale thermal&nbsp;power&nbsp;plants.&nbsp;OCCTO is expected to finance part of the costs of constructing or upgrading such facilities,&nbsp;with government-backed debt guarantees also&nbsp;anticipated.&nbsp;Critics argue that this mechanism would run counter to the transition toward renewable energy.&nbsp;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">• Amendments to the Building Energy Efficiency Act (MLIT)</h5>



<p>Amendments to this Act&nbsp;by MLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and&nbsp;Tourism)&nbsp;are planned with the aim of reducing CO₂ emissions across the lifecycle of buildings—referred to as lifecycle carbon (LCCO₂), encompassing emissions from materials production through construction to demolition—through the implementation of lifecycle assessment (LCA). The government intends to&nbsp;establish&nbsp;systems for calculating and evaluating LCCO₂ and to require building owners of large-scale projects to&nbsp;submit&nbsp;reports. The&nbsp;objective&nbsp;is to reduce the environmental impact of buildings, including Scope 3 emissions.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">4.&nbsp;Environmental Labeling Guidelines (Mar)&nbsp;</h3>



<p>For the first time in 13 years, the Ministry of the Environment will revise its environmental labeling guidelines under the Act against Unjustifiable Premiums and Misleading Representations. Aligned with international standards (ISO), the revised guidelines aim to prevent “greenwashing” by setting out five core requirements:</p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>Avoid vague or misleading environmental claims&nbsp;</li>



<li>Provide explanatory information for claims&nbsp;</li>



<li>Ensure data and methodologies used for verification are available&nbsp;</li>



<li>Base comparative claims on appropriate LCA assessments and data&nbsp;</li>



<li>Ensure accessibility of information for evaluation and verification</li>
</ol>



<p>The guidelines, however, are not legally binding.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">5.&nbsp;Full&nbsp;Enforcement&nbsp;of GX-ETS&nbsp;(Apr)&nbsp;</h3>



<p>With its voluntary first phase ending, Japan’s emissions trading system (GX-ETS) will become mandatory in April. About 300–400 companies will be covered (primarily power utilities and energy-intensive industries with Scope 1 emissions exceeding 100,000 tons). Large companies will move from voluntary efforts to a system&nbsp;in which CO₂ emissions must be kept within government-allocated allowances. Whether the system is designed and&nbsp;operated&nbsp;in line with Japan’s&nbsp;NDC&nbsp;will be a key determinant of its effectiveness.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">6. Round 1 (Re-tender) and Round 4 (New Auction) for Offshore Wind (TBD)&nbsp;</h3>



<p>Following Mitsubishi Corporation’s withdrawal from offshore wind projects in 2025, the government plans to re-tender Round 1 projects and&nbsp;proceed&nbsp;with Round 4 auctions, though timing&nbsp;remains&nbsp;unclear. The&nbsp;6<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;Strategic Energy Plan sets a target of 5.7 GW of offshore wind capacity in operation by FY2030, but delays have&nbsp;emerged&nbsp;due to project withdrawals. Improving the business environment will be critical to restoring momentum.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">7. Mandatory Reporting for Rooftop Solar (Apr)&nbsp;</h3>



<p>The Energy Conservation Act currently requires businesses to report on their electricity and fuel use through regular reporting obligations. From April, it will introduce requirements for businesses to set qualitative targets and report on the installation of rooftop solar systems. However, the requirement applies&nbsp;to reporting only, and there is no obligation to install solar power systems.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">8. Climate Weeks (Apr, Sep)&nbsp;</h3>



<p>A combination of factors—including the United States’ declaration of withdrawal from the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change&nbsp;(UNFCCC)&nbsp;and the Paris Agreement—has led to a decline in international momentum on climate action. However, initiatives led by regions and non-state actors&nbsp;remain&nbsp;vibrant, and the overall trend toward decarbonization continues to advance steadily.&nbsp;A series of events led by non-state actors are scheduled to take place in Yeosu, Republic of Korea (April), Baku, Azerbaijan (September), and New York, United States (September). These developments are expected to build momentum toward COP31 in November.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">9.&nbsp;U.S.&nbsp;Midterm Elections (Nov 3)&nbsp;</h3>



<p>Midterm elections for both chambers of the U.S. Congress are scheduled for November 3. In the lead-up, primary elections will be held across states to select party candidates.&nbsp;The outcome of these elections will serve as a key indicator of the future direction of the Trump administration, which has deeply polarized domestic politics and influenced global dynamics. The results are likely to have significant implications for the trajectory of climate policy in the United States and internationally.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">10. COP31 (Nov 9–20)&nbsp;</h3>



<p>The 31st Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP31) will be held in Antalya, Türkiye. While Türkiye will serve as host country, Australia—also a contender to host—will take on the role of negotiation lead. Amid rising geopolitical risks, including conflicts, resource competition, and trade tensions, the urgency of climate change continues to intensify, with profound impacts on&nbsp;ecosystems, human lives, and the rights of future generations. COP31 will be a critical and challenging forum, requiring careful diplomacy to advance international cooperation and deliver meaningful progress.&nbsp;</p><p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11344">2026 Japan Climate Calendar <br>Top Ten Highlights</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">11344</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>What’s NEW in AZEC?Updates and Insights from 2025</title>
		<link>https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10824</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Climate Integrate]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:56:19 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Insights]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://climateintegrate.org/?p=10824</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Introduction The Asia Zero Emission Community (AZEC) is a platform led by the Japanese government, launched in [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10824">What’s NEW in AZEC?<br>Updates and Insights from 2025</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="538" src="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-1024x538.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-10882" srcset="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-300x158.jpg 300w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-768x403.jpg 768w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-1536x806.jpg 1536w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-2048x1075.jpg 2048w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-1200x630.jpg 1200w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-1980x1040.jpg 1980w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/insights-en"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="235" src="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1024x235.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1449" style="width:100px" srcset="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1024x235.png 1024w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-300x69.png 300w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-768x176.png 768w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1536x352.png 1536w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1200x275.png 1200w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights.png 1807w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Introduction</strong></h2>



<p>The Asia Zero Emission Community (AZEC) is a platform led by the Japanese government, launched in March 2023, to promote cooperation in Asia. AZEC brings together governments, public agencies, and private-sector entities to advance cooperation across a wide range of technologies and projects, with a particular emphasis on diverse pathways toward net zero, economic development and energy security. </p>



<p>This insight provides an update on AZEC’s developments, focusing on key meetings, institutional evolution, and emerging cooperation trends observed in 2025. It builds on our report, <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/9352" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">What’s AZEC?</a> published in July 2025, which examined the establishment of AZEC, its positioning within Japan’s Green Transformation (GX) strategy, and trends with the Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) up to 2024. In addition, an overview of AZEC’s background, governance structure, and early implementation can also be found in the report.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Updates from AZEC Meetings in 2025</strong></h2>



<p>Since its official launch at the first ministerial meeting in March 2023, AZEC has held six meetings — three ministerial and three leaders’ meetings. In 2025, the third Ministerial Meeting was held in Kuala Lumpur in October 2025, and the Third Leaders’ Meeting convened shortly thereafter (Figure 1). The discussions focused primarily on advancing the implementation of cooperation areas agreed in previous meetings, with reference to the 10-year Action Plan for the Next Decade adopted at the <a href="https://www.meti.go.jp/english/policy/energy_environment/global_warming/azec/azec_en.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Second Leaders’ Meeting</a>. </p>



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<p>With the continued increase in the MoUs under AZEC, participants emphasized the need to accelerate the translation of these agreements into tangible projects, measurable progress, and on-the-ground implementation. <a href="https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/energy_environment/global_warming/azec/3rd_ministerial_meeting/13_3rd_AZEC_mm_ag_Joint_Recommendation.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Joint Recommendation</a> published by the AZEC Advocacy Group at the 3<sup>rd</sup> Ministerial Meeting urged deeper cooperation across governments, industry, and finance to address regulatory, financing, and project challenges, and called on AZEC to promote unified standards, transparent carbon markets, and scalable decarbonization projects to support just and inclusive energy transitions across Asia. </p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>AZEC MoUs and Project trends since 2024</strong></h2>



<p>The number of MoUs under AZEC had increased from 217 in 2024 to 335 in 2025, with additional agreements signed across multiple partner countries.  </p>



<p>It shows a continued concentration of MoUs with Indonesia further reinforcing its position as the most active partner. Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia and Philippines remain the next most engaged countries, while participation from other ASEAN member states and international organizations remains limited. The overall geographic pattern of AZEC cooperation has remained largely unchanged and still uneven across partner countries (Figure 2). </p>



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<p>MoUs related to carbon credits and agro-ecosystem management have become the largest areas of cooperation in 2025 (Figure 3). Fuel-related cooperation, such as hydrogen and ammonia, biomass and biofuel, and LNG, remained prominent. </p>



<p>Despite incremental diversification, renewable energy and energy efficiency projects continued to represent a small share of the overall AZEC project portfolio. </p>



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<p>Japanese companies in carbon credits and GHG accounting are associated with the highest number of MoUs in 2025, while hydrogen/ammonia-related activities remain prominent (Figure 4).</p>



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<p>MoUs among partner country companies remain concentrated in a small number of large energy firms, led by Pertamina and PLN in Indonesia, followed by PETRONAS in Malaysia and major utilities in Thailand (Figure 5). Cooperation continues to focus primarily on fuels, CCUS, and hydrogen/ammonia, while participation from companies in other sectors and from less-represented countries remains limited. </p>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Conclusion</strong></h2>



<p>This update on AZEC in 2025 presents the new trend of growing interest in carbon credits, while its structure and focus on fuels and hydrogen/ammonia remain unchanged. It reflects a growing interest in carbon credits among the Japanese government and Japanese companies as the mandatory GX-ETS will start from FY2026. Under the GX-ETS, the companies can use credits from the Joint Crediting Mechanisms (JCM) and domestic J-Credit system to cover up to 10% of their actual emissions. It will be important to monitor how AZEC projects will be integrated with the GX-ETS.  </p>



<p>Going forward, it is important that cooperation under AZEC will need to prioritize technologies that can accelerate emissions reduction in response to the energy transition needs toward carbon neutrality of ASEAN countries. The next AZEC meetings are scheduled to be hosted by the Philippines in 2026. </p><p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10824">What’s NEW in AZEC?<br>Updates and Insights from 2025</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">10824</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>What’s New in AZEC？2025年の進捗とポイント </title>
		<link>https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10818</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Climate Integrate]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:56:03 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Insights]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://climateintegrate.org/?p=10818</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>はじめに&#160; 2023年3月に発足した「アジア・ゼロエミッション共同体」（Asia Zero Emission Community: AZEC）は、アジアでの協力を促進するために日本政府が主導している枠組みです。 [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10818">What’s New in AZEC？<br>2025年の進捗とポイント </a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="538" src="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-1024x538.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-10882" srcset="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-300x158.jpg 300w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-768x403.jpg 768w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-1536x806.jpg 1536w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-2048x1075.jpg 2048w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-1200x630.jpg 1200w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/WhatsNEWinAZEC_EC-1980x1040.jpg 1980w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/insights"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="235" src="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1024x235.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1449" style="width:100px" srcset="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1024x235.png 1024w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-300x69.png 300w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-768x176.png 768w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1536x352.png 1536w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights-1200x275.png 1200w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Tag_Insights.png 1807w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">はじめに&nbsp;</h2>



<p>2023年3月に発足した「アジア・ゼロエミッション共同体」（Asia Zero Emission Community: AZEC）は、アジアでの協力を促進するために日本政府が主導している枠組みです。AZECには各国政府、公的機関、民間セクターが関わり、多様な道筋によるネットゼロ、および経済成長とエネルギー安全保障に力点を置きながら、幅広い技術やプロジェクトでの協力を推進しています。</p>



<p>本インサイトは、2025年7月に公表した最初のレポート「<a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/9289" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">What’s AZEC？</a>」以降、2025年に開催された主要会合や、制度面における発展と協力案件の新動向に焦点を当て、AZECのその後の進捗について分析しています。2025年レポートでは、AZECの設立経緯、日本の産業戦略であるグリーン・トランスフォーメーション（GX）における位置付けと2024年までの覚書（Memorandums of Understanding:&nbsp;MoUs）の傾向を解説・分析しています。AZECの背景、ガバナンスと初期の実施状況等については、2025年レポートをご参照ください。&nbsp;</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">2025年のAZEC会合における進捗&nbsp;</h2>



<p>2025年のAZEC会合は、10月に第3回閣僚会合がマレーシアのクアラルンプールで開かれ、その直後に第3回首脳会合が開催されました（図１）。議論の重点は、2024年の<a href="https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/energy_environment/global_warming/azec.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">第2回首脳会合</a>で採択された「今後10年のためのアクションプラン」を踏まえ、これまでに合意された協力分野の履行に置かれています。&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>



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<p>AZECの覚書案件が増える中、参加国は、覚書での合意を具体的な事業に移し、測定可能な進捗を図りながら実施につなげていく必要性を強調しています。また、AZECアドボカシー・グループ（ASEANビジネス諮問委員会（ASEAN-BAC）、日本経済団体連合会（経団連）、東アジア・アセアン経済研究センター（ERIA）が主導）は第3回閣僚会合の<a href="https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/energy_environment/global_warming/azec/3rd_ministerial_meeting/02_3rd_AZEC_mm_jointstatement_jp.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="共同提言">共同提言</a>で、規制、資金調達と事業課題に取り組むため、政府、産業、金融セクター間のさらなる協力強化を要請し、アジアにおける公正で包摂的なエネルギー転換を支えるために、AZECに対して、統一基準、透明性の高い炭素市場ならびに大規模展開が可能な脱炭素化事業を促進するよう求めています。 </p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">2024年以降のAZECの<strong>覚書案件</strong><strong>と事業</strong>の傾向&nbsp;</h2>



<p>AZECの覚書案件数は、2024年の217件から2025年には335件へと増え、参加国と追加的な協力合意が締結されています。国別ではインドネシアに集中しており、引き続き最も積極的な参加国であることを示しています。次に、ベトナム、タイ、マレーシアとフィリピンが高い関与を維持している一方で、他のASEAN加盟国および国際機関の参加は限定的です。&nbsp;<br>協力案件全体における地理的な特徴には大きな変化はなく、参加国間に偏りがあります（図２）。&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>



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<p>2025年は、炭素クレジットと農業・生態系管理に関する覚書が協力分野の中で最も大きな割合を占めています（図３）。また、水素・アンモニア、バイオマス・バイオ燃料、液化天然ガス（LNG）といった燃料に関する協力も引き続き主要な分野となっています。協力分野の多様化は進んでいるものの、AZEC全体において再エネおよび省エネが占める割合は小さいままです。&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>



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<p>日本企業では、炭素クレジットおよび温室効果ガス（GHG）算定に関わる企業が最も多く、水素・アンモニアに関わる企業も引き続き多い状況です（図４）。&nbsp;</p>



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<p>相手国企業は、インドネシアの&nbsp;PertaminaとPLN、それに続くマレーシアのPETRONASやタイの主要企業といった少数の大手エネルギー企業に引き続き集中しています（図５）。協力分野はこれまでと同様、化石燃料、CCUS、水素・アンモニアが多く、ほかの分野の企業や、関与が少ない国の覚書は限られています。&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">おわりに&nbsp;</h2>



<p>AZECでは、2025年に炭素クレジットへの関心の高まりという新たな傾向がみられました。一方、AZECの仕組みや、燃料および水素・アンモニアへの偏りに変わりはありません。炭素クレジット関連の案件の増加という新たな傾向からは、国内で2026年度から排出量取引制度（GX-ETS）が本格始動するのにあたり、政府および日本企業の関心が高まっていることがうかがえます。GX-ETSでは、企業は二国間クレジット制度（JCM）とJ-クレジット制度によるクレジットを排出量の10％まで利用することができます。今後、AZEC事業がGX-ETSとどのように結びついていくかを注視していくことが重要です。&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>



<p>また、ASEAN諸国のカーボンニュートラルの実現に向けたエネルギー転換を進めるため、排出削減を加速させる技術を優先して推進することが重要です。2026年のAZEC関連会合は、フィリピンで開催される予定です。&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10818">What’s New in AZEC？<br>2025年の進捗とポイント </a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">10818</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Report “What’s GX-ETS?” </title>
		<link>https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11044</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Climate Integrate]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2026 06:01:04 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Press release]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://climateintegrate.org/?p=11044</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>≫ Download Full Report（PDF・36 pages） ≫ Download all charts（Zip:5MB） ≫ Appendix 1≫ Appendix 2≫ Appendix 3 Clima [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11044">Report “What’s GX-ETS?” </a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<figure data-wp-context="{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69d0c7449530e&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="core/image" data-wp-key="69d0c7449530e" class="wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="2560" height="1344" data-wp-class--hide="state.isContentHidden" data-wp-class--show="state.isContentVisible" data-wp-init="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on--click="actions.showLightbox" data-wp-on--load="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-window--resize="callbacks.setButtonStyles" src="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/GX-ETS_visual_EC-scaled.jpg" alt="GX-ETS_EC" class="wp-image-10919" srcset="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/GX-ETS_visual_EC-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/GX-ETS_visual_EC-300x158.jpg 300w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/GX-ETS_visual_EC-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/GX-ETS_visual_EC-768x403.jpg 768w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/GX-ETS_visual_EC-1536x806.jpg 1536w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/GX-ETS_visual_EC-2048x1075.jpg 2048w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/GX-ETS_visual_EC-1200x630.jpg 1200w, https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/GX-ETS_visual_EC-1980x1040.jpg 1980w" sizes="(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px" /><button
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<p style="font-size:14px"><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/What-is-GX-ETS_JP_appendix1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫ Appendix 1</a><br><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/What-is-GX-ETS_JP_appendix2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫ Appendix 2</a><br><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/What-is-GX-ETS_EN_appendix3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫ Appendix 3</a></p>



<div style="height:10px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>



<p>Climate Integrate has released a new report &#8220;What’s GX-ETS?” </p>



<p>In April 2026, Japan will launch an Emissions Trading System (GX-ETS). In this report we have outlined the structural mechanisms of the Japanese system and provide an in-depth analysis of carbon price projections and their policy implications. </p>



<p></p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Key Findings</strong> </h3>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">Phase 2 </h5>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>Mandatory participation</strong>,<strong> </strong>starting in FY2026,<strong> </strong>following the voluntary Phase 1. </li>



<li><strong>Core policy for carbon neutrality</strong>, targeting 300–400 companies covering about 60% of Japan&#8217;s greenhouse gas emissions. </li>



<li><strong>Bottom-up approach without an overall GX-ETS emission</strong><strong> </strong><strong>cap</strong><strong>. </strong>The degree of contribution toward achieving the national GHG reduction target (NDC) is unpredictable. </li>



<li><strong>Free emissions allocation</strong>,<strong> </strong>determined based on benchmark standards of top-tier efficiency within each industry. <strong>Sector-specific adjustments and considerations</strong> may limit reductions toward FY2030. </li>



<li><strong>Weak incentive for emission reductions </strong>due to free allocation, various concessions, low price ceiling/floor, and ability to use external credits (offsets) for up to 10% of actual emissions. </li>
</ul>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">Phase 3</h5>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>Allowances for the power sector</strong>: From 2033, emissions allowances for power generators will shift to paid allocation, imposing costs on CO₂ emissions. Other industries will continue to receive free allocation. </li>



<li><strong>Funding for GX Bonds</strong>: Revenue from paid allocation will be used to redeem the GX Economy Transition Bonds issued by the government. </li>



<li><strong>Upper limit constraints</strong>: Annual collection amounts for the Fossil Fuel Surcharge and the Specified Business Operator Contribution are constrained by an upper limit, to fall within the range of the reduction in revenue from the Petroleum and Coal Tax and the Renewable Energy Surcharge.  </li>



<li><strong>Low carbon prices</strong>: There is a possibility of an initial shortfall of funds for the redemption of GX Bonds until around 2035. </li>
</ul>



<p>Climate Integrate focuses on two pivotal areas regarding this system, an essential climate policy to drive Japan’s decarbonization. </p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>Mitigation efficacy</strong>: The actual reduction impact during the second phase. </li>



<li><strong>Carbon pricing dynamics</strong>: The relationship between carbon prices and the redemption of GX Bonds. </li>
</ul>



<p>Through this analysis, the report clarifies the unique characteristics of the Japanese approach. </p>



<div style="height:28px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>



<p><strong>Kimiko Hirata, Executive Director of Climate Integrate and lead author</strong>: “Japan’s corporate decarbonization is finally moving from a voluntary framework to a government-led allocation system. However, without an aggregate emission cap, it remains unclear if the GX-ETS can deliver the emissions cuts required to meet Japan’s 2030 and 2035 targets (NDC). Ensuring transparency to track progress will be vital.&#8221;  </p>



<p><strong>Yuka Manabe, Corporate Analyst and contributor to the report</strong>: &#8220;The government’s benchmarks include adjustments and considerations for the industry. In the power sector, efficiency standards are currently categorized by fuel type—such as coal versus LNG—and remain relatively weak, providing little incentive for fuel switching. Our simulations indicate that under current GX-ETS requirements, reductions could actually be more lenient than companies’ own commitments, potentially even allowing emissions to increase. It is therefore critical to establish a mechanism that ensures alignment between this system and Japan’s NDC.&#8221; </p>



<p><strong>Hirata concluded by emphasizing the opportunity for the industry</strong>: &#8220;The GX-ETS is a system to help companies that are currently less efficient to enhance competitiveness. It is an opportunity to strengthen corporate resilience and emerge as global leaders in the era of decarbonization.” </p>



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<p></p><p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/11044">Report “What’s GX-ETS?” </a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">11044</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>レポート「GX-ETSとは？」公表</title>
		<link>https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10975</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Climate Integrate]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2026 06:00:56 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Press release]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://climateintegrate.org/?p=10975</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>&#160; ≫&#160;Download Full Report（PDF・34 pages） ≫&#160;Download all charts（Zip:7MB） ≫&#160;附属資料 1≫&#160;附属資料  [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10975">レポート「GX-ETSとは？」公表</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></description>
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<p style="font-size:14px"><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/What-is-GX-ETS_JP_appendix1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫&nbsp;附属資料 1</a><br><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/What-is-GX-ETS_JP_appendix2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫&nbsp;附属資料 2</a><br><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/What-is-GX-ETS_EN_appendix3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫&nbsp;Appendix 3</a></p>



<div style="height:10px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>



<p>Climate&nbsp;Integrateは本日、新レポート「GX-ETSとは？」を公表しました。&nbsp;</p>



<p>本レポートは、2026年4月から、カーボンプライシングの手法の一つである排出量取引制度（Emissions Trading&nbsp;System）が日本で本格始動することを見据え、日本版の排出量取引制度（GX-ETS）の仕組みを概説し、炭素価格の見通しなどについて分析しています。&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">【本レポートのポイント】&nbsp;</h3>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>第2フェーズの特徴&nbsp;</strong></h5>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>自主的な第1フェーズを経て、2026年度から対象企業に参加義務&nbsp;</li>



<li>日本の温室効果ガス排出量の約6割、300–400社をカバーするカーボンニュートラル実現への中核的な政策に&nbsp;</li>



<li>GX-ETS対象企業全体の削減目標がなく、ボトムアップ方式であるため、国のGHG削減目標達成への貢献度は予見できない&nbsp;</li>



<li>上位効率のベンチマーク基準に基づいて、企業には排出枠が無償で割り当てられる。業種ごとに補正と勘案事項が考慮されるため、2030年度までの削減は小さくとどまる可能性&nbsp;</li>



<li>無償割当、各種の補正と配慮、低い上下限価格、10%の外部クレジット利用などにより、削減インセンティブが弱まる可能性&nbsp;</li>
</ul>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>第3フェーズの特徴&nbsp;</strong></h5>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>詳細は未定だが、2033年度から発電事業者の排出枠が有償となり、電力部門のCO₂排出にコストがかかる。他の業種は引き続き無償&nbsp;</li>



<li>有償割当の収入（特定事業者負担金）は、化石燃料賦課金とあわせ、政府が発行するGX経済移行債の償還に充当される&nbsp;</li>



<li>負担金と賦課金の毎年の徴収額は、石油石炭税と再エネ賦課金の減収分の範囲内が上限とされ、負担を増やさない考え方&nbsp;</li>



<li>そのため、炭素価格は2035年度頃まで低くとどまり、初期にはGX経済移行債の償還期限に返済資金が不足する可能性&nbsp;</li>
</ul>



<p>Climate&nbsp;Integrateでは、脱炭素を牽引する気候政策として重要な本制度について、特に以下の2点に注目しています。&nbsp;</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>第2フェーズにおける削減効果&nbsp;</li>



<li>GX経済移行債の償還との関係における炭素価格</li>
</ul>



<p>レポートでは、これらを分析し、日本の特徴を明らかにしています。&nbsp;</p>



<div style="height:28px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>



<p><strong>【執筆者コメント】</strong> </p>



<p>代表理事の平田仁子は、「日本でもようやく、企業のCO₂削減が自主的な仕組みから、政府が排出枠を割り当てる仕組みに移行します。脱炭素化に向けた重要なアプローチが取られることに期待します」とし、「一方、GX-ETSが、2030年、2035年の政府の温室効果ガス排出削減目標（NDC）に向けて企業の着実な排出削減をもたらすかは、対象全体の削減目標がなく、業界ごとへの配慮が多いため、見通せません。効果を測定する上でも、透明性の高い運用が重要です」と述べています。 </p>



<p>分析に携わったコーポレート・アナリストの真辺佑佳は「政府のベンチマークは、各所に企業への配慮があります。発電部門については、当面の効率水準は、石炭やLNGなどの燃料ごとに設けられて緩やかであり、燃料転換を促しにくくなっています。GX-ETSの義務の下の2030年の削減を試算したところ、電力会社の自社目標よりも緩く、排出を現在より増やすことができる可能性があるという結果が得られました。この結果は、GX-ETSをNDCと整合させていくことが重要であることを示唆してます」と指摘しています。&nbsp;</p>



<p>さらに平田は、「政府が排出枠を割り当て、企業の削減を促すことは、低効率で競争力のない企業の対策強化を奨励するものであり、企業にとってこの制度は、脱炭素化時代に強い企業として成長する機会になります」と述べ、企業の積極的な対応への期待を示しています。&nbsp;</p>



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<p></p><p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10975">レポート「GX-ETSとは？」公表</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">10975</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>GX-ETSとは？</title>
		<link>https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10936</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Climate Integrate]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2026 06:00:44 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Reports]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://climateintegrate.org/?p=10936</guid>

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<p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10936">GX-ETSとは？</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></description>
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<p style="font-size:14px"><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/What-is-GX-ETS_JP_appendix1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫ 附属資料 1　第1フェーズの仕組みと暫定評価</a><br><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/What-is-GX-ETS_JP_appendix2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫ 附属資料 2　カーボンプライシング水準のシミュレーション</a><br><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/What-is-GX-ETS_EN_appendix3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫ Appendix 3　2030 emissions reduction outlook for the power sector – Methodology and Assumptions</a></p>



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<p>2026年4月から、カーボンプライシングの手法の一つである排出量取引制度（Emissions Trading System）が、自主的なフェーズを終え、日本で本格始動します。対象企業300–400社に参加が義務付けられ、日本の温室効果ガス（GHG）排出量の約6割をカバーするカーボンニュートラル実現に向けた中核的な政策になります。 </p>



<p>本レポートでは、日本版排出量取引制度（GX-ETS）の仕組みを概説し、炭素価格の見通しなどについて分析しています。 </p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>目次</strong></h4>



<p>はじめに <br>本レポートのポイント </p>



<p><strong>1.　GX-ETS導入まで</strong></p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>これまでの検討の経緯<br>コラム1　排出量取引制度（ETS）とは <br>コラム2　関連する既存の制度 </li>



<li>GX-ETSの創設と制度設計のプロセス </li>



<li>GX-ETSの3つのフェーズ</li>
</ol>



<p><strong>2.　第1フェーズ</strong></p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>第1フェーズの仕組み<br>コラム３　直接排出量と間接排出量 </li>



<li>第1フェーズの暫定評価 </li>
</ol>



<p><strong>3.　第2フェーズ</strong></p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>第2フェーズの仕組み </li>



<li>第2フェーズの流れ</li>



<li>ベンチマークの設定方法 <br>コラム4　ケーススタディ：発電部門の2030年度の削減見通し </li>
</ol>



<p><strong>4.　第3フェーズ</strong></p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>第3フェーズの仕組み</li>



<li>カーボンプライシング水準の見通し<br>コラム5　移行債の償還スケジュールと償還資金の調達 <br>コラム6　ガソリン価格への影響</li>
</ol>



<p><strong>5.　諸外国の制度との比較</strong></p>



<p><strong>6.　GX-ETSの特徴とこれから</strong></p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>GX-ETSの特徴 </li>



<li>これからに向けて</li>
</ol>



<p>おわりに </p><p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10936">GX-ETSとは？</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">10936</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>What’s GX-ETS?</title>
		<link>https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10945</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Climate Integrate]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2026 06:00:37 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Reports]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://climateintegrate.org/?p=10945</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>≫ Download Full Report（PDF・36 pages） ≫ Download all charts（Zip:5MB） ≫ Appendix 1　Design and provisional evalua [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10945">What’s GX-ETS?</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></description>
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<a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Table-5.-Considerations-for-GX-ETS-Phase-2-allowance-allocations-.png" download="Table 5. Considerations for GX-ETS Phase 2 allowance allocations.png"  class="btn-download btn-left"><i class="fa-solid fa-file-arrow-down fa-icon" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Download</a>


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<a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Figure-8.-Power-generation-emissions-intensities-by-fuel--scaled.png" download="Figure 8. Power generation emissions intensities by fuel.png"  class="btn-download btn-left"><i class="fa-solid fa-file-arrow-down fa-icon" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Download</a>


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<a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Figure-9.-JERAs-actual-and-estimated-emissions-scaled.png" download="Figure 9. JERA's actual and estimated emissions*.png"  class="btn-download btn-left"><i class="fa-solid fa-file-arrow-down fa-icon" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Download</a>


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<a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Figure-10.-J-POWERs-actual-and-estimated-emissions-scaled.png" download="Figure 10. J-POWER’s actual and estimated emissions*.png"  class="btn-download btn-left"><i class="fa-solid fa-file-arrow-down fa-icon" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Download</a>


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<a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Figure-11.-Cumulative-proceeds-of-levies-and-charges-Estimation--scaled.png" download="Figure 11. Cumulative proceeds of levies and charges (Estimation)​.png"  class="btn-download btn-left"><i class="fa-solid fa-file-arrow-down fa-icon" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Download</a>


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<a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Table-7.-Carbon-price-trend-scenarios-.png" download="Table 7. Carbon price trend scenarios*​.png"  class="btn-download btn-left"><i class="fa-solid fa-file-arrow-down fa-icon" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Download</a>


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<a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Figure-12.-Unit-price-trends-of-levies-and-charges-Estimation-0D-scaled.png" download="Figure 12. Unit price trends of levies and charges (Estimation)​​.png"  class="btn-download btn-left"><i class="fa-solid fa-file-arrow-down fa-icon" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Download</a>


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<a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Figure-13.-Price-trends-for-gasoline-tax-and-fossil-fuel-surcharge-scaled.png" download="Figure 13. Price trends for gasoline tax and fossil fuel surcharge​​.png"  class="btn-download btn-left"><i class="fa-solid fa-file-arrow-down fa-icon" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Download</a>


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<a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Table-8.-ETS-comparison-EU-South-Korea-Japan-.png" download="Table 8. ETS comparison (EU, South Korea, Japan).png"  class="btn-download btn-left"><i class="fa-solid fa-file-arrow-down fa-icon" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Download</a>


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<p class="boxed-text" style="font-size:14px"><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/GX-ETS_Charts-EN.zip" title="">≫ Download all charts（Zip:5MB）</a></p>



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<p style="font-size:14px"><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/What-is-GX-ETS_JP_appendix1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫ Appendix 1　Design and provisional evaluation of Phase 1 (in Japanese)</a><br><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/What-is-GX-ETS_JP_appendix2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫ Appendix 2　Simulation of carbon pricing levels (in Japanese)</a><br><a href="https://climateintegrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/What-is-GX-ETS_EN_appendix3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="">≫ Appendix 3　2030 emissions reduction outlook for the power sector – Methodology and Assumptions</a></p>



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<p>From April 2026, Japan’s Emissions Trading System (ETS) will move beyond its voluntary phase. Participation of 300 to 400 companies will be mandatory, covering approximately 60% of Japan’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The system will become a core policy instrument for achieving carbon neutrality in Japan. </p>



<p>This report outlines the framework of Japan&#8217;s Emissions Trading System (GX-ETS) and analyzes the outlook for carbon prices. </p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Contents</strong></h3>



<p>Introduction <br>Key points of this report </p>



<p><strong>1.　Background to the GX-ETS</strong></p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>History of deliberations <br>Box 1. What is an emissions trading system (ETS)? <br>Box 2. Existing related systems </li>



<li>Design process and establishment of the GX-ETS</li>



<li>The three phases of GX-ETS </li>
</ol>



<p><strong>2.　Phase 1</strong></p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>Phase 1 design <br>Box 3. Direct versus indirect emissions </li>



<li>Preliminary evaluation of Phase 1</li>
</ol>



<p><strong>3.　Phase 2</strong></p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>Phase 2 design  </li>



<li>Phase 2 timeline</li>



<li>Benchmark-setting methodologies<br>Box 4. 2030 reduction outlook for the power sector (case study) </li>
</ol>



<p><strong>4.　Phase 3 </strong></p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>Phase 3 design </li>



<li>Outlook for carbon pricing levels<br>Box 5. Redemption schedule and financing for GX Transition Bonds <br>Box 6. Impacts on gasoline prices </li>
</ol>



<p><strong>5.　Comparison with international systems  </strong></p>



<p><strong>6.　Key features of the GX-ETS and future outlook </strong></p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>Key features of the GX-ETS </li>



<li>Future outlook </li>
</ol>



<p>Conclusion  </p>



<p></p><p>The post <a href="https://climateintegrate.org/archives/10945">What’s GX-ETS?</a> first appeared on <a href="https://climateintegrate.org">Climate Integrate</a>.</p>]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
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