@article{pmid41364985,

title = {Effect of personalized dorsolateral prefrontal cortex neuromodulation on default mode connectivity and working memory in schizophrenia spectrum disorders},

author = {Stéphanie Grot and Luigi De Benedictis and Alan Bougeard and Philippe Albouy and Emmanuel Stip and Stéphane Potvin and Pierre Orban},

doi = {10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112093},

issn = {1872-7506},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-03-01},

journal = {Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging},

volume = {356},

pages = {112093},

abstract = {Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) are marked by working memory impairments associated with abnormal functional brain connectivity. Although transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) shows promise in modulating dysconnectivity patterns and improving cognitive symptoms, current protocols often lack target personalization, overlooking significant variability in functional network topography between individuals. Twenty-two individuals with SSD and cognitive deficits underwent 20Hz repetitive TMS to the left lateral prefrontal cortex. Personalized TMS targeted regions with the strongest central executive-default mode network (CEN-DMN) antagonism, while standardized TMS focused on the EEG F3 site. Resting-state fMRI scans were conducted pre- and post-TMS sessions to evaluate changes in CEN-DMN connectivity, and working memory performance was assessed after the post-TMS fMRI scan. Both TMS protocols failed to significantly alter CEN-DMN connectivity or improve cognitive function, which may be due to the low reliability of the biomarker used for personalized targeting. However, stronger DMN intra-network connectivity at the stimulation site was positively correlated with a reduction in CEN-DMN connectivity and improved working memory performance. These findings highlight the need for more extensive fMRI data for better target determination, and suggest that targeting left prefrontal areas with higher DMN connectivity could more effectively modulate functional connectivity and improve working memory performance through TMS.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid41075953,

title = {Metabolic and ventilatory constraints in long COVID individuals},

author = {Imane Salmam and Jean Tittley and Gilles Drouin and Kadija Perreault and François Desmeules and Jean-Sébastien Paquette and Jean-Sébastien Roy and Krista L Best},

doi = {10.1016/j.resp.2025.104504},

issn = {1878-1519},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

journal = {Respir Physiol Neurobiol},

volume = {339},

pages = {104504},

abstract = {Long COVID is characterized by persistent symptoms and physiological impairments beyond acute infection. Oxygen consumption (VO₂) and ventilatory efficiency, key indicators of cardiorespiratory fitness, are commonly diminished in this population, contributing to exercise intolerance. This study compared cardiorespiratory patterns and exercise capacity among individuals with Long COVID (LCG), those with resolved symptoms (Short COVID; SCG), and healthy controls (CG). The secondary objective was to assess longitudinal changes over six months. Cross-sectional comparisons at baseline addressed the primary objective, while the longitudinal component explored on changes over time. Participants included 94 in the LCG, 100 in the SCG, and 70 in the CG. All performed a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) during which peak oxygen uptake (VO₂), minute ventilation (VE), and VE/VCO₂ (ratio of VE to carbon dioxide output, reflecting ventilatory efficiency) were continuously measured using the Metamax 3B system. Baseline differences were assessed by one-way ANOVA, and longitudinal changes by generalized estimating equations. At baseline, VO₂ was significantly reduced in the LCG (70.1 % predicted) versus SCG (80.6 %) and CG (84.6 %) (p = 0.001). VE/VCO₂ was elevated in the LCG (30.2 ± 4.2) compared to SCG (27.9 ± 2.8) and CG (28.7 ± 3.3) (p < .001). The 6MWT distance was also lower in the LCG (484 ± 127 m) than SCG (607 ± 69.1 m) and CG (571 ± 89.6 m) (p < .001). No statistically significant Group × Time interaction emerged between the groups. Individuals with Long COVID exhibited persistent ventilatory inefficiency and reduced exercise capacity, with impairments persisting over six months, underscoring the need for targeted rehabilitation. SHORT ABSTRACT: Individuals with Long COVID exhibit reduced exercise capacity and persistent ventilatory inefficiency compared to Short COVID and control groups. At baseline and over six months, VO₂, VE/VCO₂, and 6MWT distances were significantly impaired, highlighting the need for targeted rehabilitation strategies to address ongoing physiological limitations in this population.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid41072637,

title = {Altered electrophysiological meta-state dynamics in disorders of consciousness},

author = {Pablo Núñez and Prejaas Tewarie and Víctor Rodríguez-González and Naji L N Alnagger and Glenn J M van der Lande and Marie M Vitello and Paolo Cardone and Aurore Thibaut and Laouen Belloli and Steven Laureys and Jacobo D Sitt and Jitka Annen and Olivia Gosseries},

doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121519},

issn = {1095-9572},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-12-01},

journal = {Neuroimage},

volume = {323},

pages = {121519},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: This multi-centric study aimed to explore differences in brain activity patterns in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC), including unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) and minimally conscious state (MCS).nnMETHODS: Using high-density electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings from 368 DoC patients, 39 who emerged from MCS (eMCS), and 73 healthy controls, we examined instantaneous functional connectivity-based meta-states acting as attractors in a dynamical system, extracted by means of community detection algorithms and recurrence analysis. We analyzed data from two patient cohorts and included resting-state and auditory processing tasks in four frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta) and from three perspectives, namely: (i) discrete activation of dominant states, (ii) a dynamical system composed of attractor states and (iii) the correlation and anticorrelation patterns of the active states.nnRESULTS: Findings revealed that while the overall structure of brain connectivity remained stable after injury, patients with DoC and those who emerged showed notable differences in the speed and consistency of how their brain states activated. Specifically, in higher frequencies, UWS patients exhibited faster, and less stable dynamics, shorter dwell times and decreased meta-state anticorrelation compared to those in MCS and eMCS. Moreover, a four-way combined learning classification analysis showed that the measures were able to distinguish the UWS and MCS subgroups.nnSIGNIFICANCE: These brain state dynamics could serve as valuable markers for assessing states of consciousness. Our results highlight the potential of using high-temporal resolution dynamic brain activity patterns to improve the understanding of altered consciousness and their application to clinical settings.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid41198952,

title = {An updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR-Cas systems including rare variants},

author = {Kira S Makarova and Sergey A Shmakov and Yuri I Wolf and Pascal Mutz and Han Altae-Tran and Chase L Beisel and Stan J J Brouns and Emmanuelle Charpentier and David Cheng and Jennifer Doudna and Daniel H Haft and Philippe Horvath and Sylvain Moineau and Francisco J M Mojica and Patrick Pausch and Rafael Pinilla-Redondo and Shiraz A Shah and Virginijus Siksnys and Michael P Terns and Jesse Tordoff and Česlovas Venclovas and Malcolm F White and Alexander F Yakunin and Feng Zhang and Roger A Garrett and Rolf Backofen and John van der Oost and Rodolphe Barrangou and Eugene V Koonin},

doi = {10.1038/s41564-025-02180-8},

issn = {2058-5276},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-12-01},

journal = {Nat Microbiol},

volume = {10},

number = {12},

pages = {3346--3361},

abstract = {The known diversity of CRISPR-Cas systems continues to expand. To encompass new discoveries, here we present an updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR-Cas systems. The updated CRISPR-Cas classification includes 2 classes, 7 types and 46 subtypes, compared with the 6 types and 33 subtypes in our previous survey 5 years ago. In addition, a classification of the cyclic oligoadenylate-dependent signalling pathway in type III systems is presented. We also discuss recently characterized alternative CRISPR-Cas functionalities, notably, type IV variants that cleave the target DNA and type V variants that inhibit the target replication without cleavage. Analysis of the abundance of CRISPR-Cas variants in genomes and metagenomes shows that the previously defined systems are relatively common, whereas the more recently characterized variants are comparatively rare. These low abundance variants comprise the long tail of the CRISPR-Cas distribution in prokaryotes and their viruses, and remain to be characterized experimentally.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}