{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T01:49:31Z","timestamp":1768096171457,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]],"date-time":"2022-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["61901533"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61901533"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62101610"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101610"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["JCYJ20190807154601663"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20190807154601663"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2021M693673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021M693673"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program","award":["61901533"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61901533"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program","award":["62101610"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101610"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program","award":["JCYJ20190807154601663"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20190807154601663"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program","award":["2021M693673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021M693673"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61901533"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61901533"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62101610"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101610"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JCYJ20190807154601663"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20190807154601663"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021M693673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021M693673"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a category of tumours with a high incidence in head-and-neck. To treat nasopharyngeal cancer, doctors invariably need to perform focal segmentation. However, manual segmentation is time consuming and laborious for doctors and the existing automatic segmentation methods require large computing resources, which makes some small and medium-sized hospitals unaffordable. To enable small and medium-sized hospitals with limited computational resources to run the model smoothly and improve the accuracy of structure, we propose a new LW-UNet network. The network utilises lightweight modules to form the Compound Scaling Encoder and combines the benefits of UNet to make the model both lightweight and accurate. Our model achieves a high accuracy with a Dice coefficient value of 0.813 with 3.55 M parameters and 7.51 G of FLOPs within 0.1 s (testing time in GPU), which is the best result compared with four other state-of-the-art models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s22155875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T04:16:55Z","timestamp":1660018615000},"page":"5875","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Lightweight Compound Scaling Network for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Segmentation from MR Images"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8871-6198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"},{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9043-722X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guanghui","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"},{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"},{"name":"School of Information Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6198-2453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiujian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"},{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2012.08.001","article-title":"The battle against nasopharyngeal cancer","volume":"104","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiother. 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