{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:32:01Z","timestamp":1761611521446,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,5]],"date-time":"2020-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PPM-CEX 676\/17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPM-CEX 676\/17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["303266\/2019-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["303266\/2019-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The benefits of using mobile sinks or data mules for data collection in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) have been studied in several works. However, most of them consider only the WSN limitations and sensor nodes having no more than one data packet to transmit. This paper considers each sensor node having a relatively larger volume of data stored in its memory. That is, they have several data packets to send to sink. We also consider a drone with hovering capability, such as a quad-copter, as a mobile sink to gather this data. Hence, the mobile collector eventually has to hover to guarantee that all data will be received. Drones, however, have a limited power supply that restricts their flying time. Hence, the drone\u2019s energy cost must also be considered to increase the amount of collected data from the WSN. This work investigates the problem of determining the best drone tour for big data gathering in a WSN. We focus on minimizing the overall drone flight time needed to collect all data from the WSN. We propose an algorithm to create a subset of sensor nodes to send data to the drone during its movement and, consequently, reduce its hovering time. The proposed algorithm guarantees that the drone will stay a minimum time inside every sensor node\u2019s radio range. Our experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm surpasses, by up to 30%, the state-of-the-art heuristics\u2019 performance in finding drone tours in this type of scenario.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20236954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,7]],"date-time":"2020-12-07T21:37:42Z","timestamp":1607377062000},"page":"6954","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Gathering Big Data in Wireless Sensor Networks by Drone"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9469-8646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josiane da Costa Vieira","family":"Rezende","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Rua Diogo de Vasconcelos, 122, Bairro Pilar, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Rone Il\u00eddio da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Tecnologia em Engenharia Civil, Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Automa\u00e7\u00e3o, Telem\u00e1tica e Humanidades, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o Del Rei, Campus Alto Paraopeba\u2014C.A.P, Rod.: MG 443, KM 7, Ouro Branco 36420-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7141-357X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcone Jamilson Freitas","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Rua Diogo de Vasconcelos, 122, Bairro Pilar, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"\u0110uri\u0161i\u0107, M.P., Tafa, Z., Dimi\u0107, G., and Milutinovi\u0107, V. 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