{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T20:02:46Z","timestamp":1760385766019,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]],"date-time":"2020-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41574175"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41574175"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CUG150632","CUGL160414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUG150632","CUGL160414"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013314","name":"111 project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B17040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B17040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013314","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The detection resolution of a giant magneto-impedance (GMI) sensor is mainly limited by its equivalent input magnetic noise. The noise characteristics of a GMI sensor are evaluated by noise modeling and simulation, which can further optimize the circuit design. This paper first analyzes the noise source of the GMI sensor. It discusses the noise model of the circuit, the output sensitivity model and the modeling process of equivalent input magnetic noise. The noise characteristics of three modules that have the greatest impact on the output noise are then simulated. Finally, the simulation results are verified by experiments. By comparing the simulated noise spectrum curve and the experimental noise spectrum curve, it is demonstrated that the preamplifier and the multiplier contribute the most to the output white noise, and the low-pass filter plays a major role in the output 1\/f noise. These modules should be given priority in the optimization of the noise of the conditioning circuit. The above results provide technical support for the practical application of low-noise GMI magnetometers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20040960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]],"date-time":"2020-02-11T11:45:30Z","timestamp":1581421530000},"page":"960","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Noise Modeling and Simulation of Giant Magnetic Impedance (GMI) Magnetic Sensor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0774-788X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"JinChao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"KaiFeng","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1332-5229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"WenQin","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"YaJuan","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"JunWen","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"JieFeng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7737-0315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"JunLei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems, Wuhan 430074, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1109\/20.364815","article-title":"Giant magneto-impedance in Co-rich amorphous wires and films","volume":"31","author":"Panina","year":"1995","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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