{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T13:53:21Z","timestamp":1772546001414,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,31]],"date-time":"2017-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Comput. Cult. Herit."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Describing cultural heritage objects from the perspective of Linked Open Data (LOD) is not a trivial task. The process often requires not only choosing pertinent ontologies but also developing new models that preserve the most information and express the semantic power of cultural heritage data. Indeed, data managed in archives, libraries, and museums are complex objects themselves, which require a deep reflection on even nonconventional conceptual models. Starting from these considerations, this article describes a research project: to expose the vastness of one of the most important collections of European cultural heritage, the Zeri Photo Archive, as LOD. We describe here the steps we undertook to this end. First, we developed two ad hoc ontologies for describing all issues not completely covered by existent models (the\n            <jats:italic>F Entry<\/jats:italic>\n            and the\n            <jats:italic>OA Entry Ontology<\/jats:italic>\n            ). Then we mapped into RDF the descriptive elements used in the current Zeri Photo Archive catalog, converting into CIDOC CRM and into the two new aforementioned models the source data based on the Italian content standards Scheda F (\n            <jats:italic>photography entry<\/jats:italic>\n            , in English) and Scheda OA (\n            <jats:italic>work of art entry<\/jats:italic>\n            , in English). Finally, we created an RDF dataset of the output of the mapping that could show a result capable of demonstrating the complexity of our scenario.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3051487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T19:20:44Z","timestamp":1501615244000},"page":"1-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Enhancing Semantic Expressivity in the Cultural Heritage Domain"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Marilena","family":"Daquino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Mambelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0530-4305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvio","family":"Peroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Tomasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Vitali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Cataloguing Cultural Objects: A Guide to Describing Cultural Works and Their Images","author":"Baca Murtha","unstructured":"Murtha Baca . 2006. Cataloguing Cultural Objects: A Guide to Describing Cultural Works and Their Images . American Library Association , Chicago, IL . Murtha Baca. 2006. Cataloguing Cultural Objects: A Guide to Describing Cultural Works and Their Images. American Library Association, Chicago, IL."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Understanding FRBR: What It Is and How It Will Affect Our Retrieval Tools","author":"Baca Murtha","unstructured":"Murtha Baca and Sherman Clarke . 2007. FRBR and works of art, architecture, and material culture . In Understanding FRBR: What It Is and How It Will Affect Our Retrieval Tools , A. Taylor (Ed.). Libraries Unlimited , Westport, CT , 227\u2013242. Murtha Baca and Sherman Clarke. 2007. FRBR and works of art, architecture, and material culture. In Understanding FRBR: What It Is and How It Will Affect Our Retrieval Tools, A. Taylor (Ed.). Libraries Unlimited, Westport, CT, 227\u2013242."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Digital Information Management. 8--25","author":"Bountouri Lina","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lina Bountouri and Manolis Gergatsoulis . 2011 a. Mapping encoded archival description to CIDOC-CRM . In Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Digital Information Management. 8--25 . Lina Bountouri and Manolis Gergatsoulis. 2011a. Mapping encoded archival description to CIDOC-CRM. In Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Digital Information Management. 8--25."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15332748.2011.650124"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Before and After: A Look at Our Bibliographic Models","author":"Coyle Karen","unstructured":"Karen Coyle . 2016. FRBR , Before and After: A Look at Our Bibliographic Models . American Library Association , Chicago, IL . Karen Coyle. 2016. FRBR, Before and After: A Look at Our Bibliographic Models. American Library Association, Chicago, IL."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24129-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-30284-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Doerr Martin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Martin Doerr . 2010 . The Europeana Data Model (EDM) mapping to CIDOC-CRM . Retrieved June 22, 2017, from http:\/\/old.cidoc-crm.org\/docs\/CRM-EDM_FRBR.ppt. Martin Doerr. 2010. The Europeana Data Model (EDM) mapping to CIDOC-CRM. Retrieved June 22, 2017, from http:\/\/old.cidoc-crm.org\/docs\/CRM-EDM_FRBR.ppt."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2016","unstructured":"Europeana. 2016 . Definition of the Europeana Data Model v5.2.7 . Retrieved May 27, 2017, from http:\/\/pro.europeana.eu\/files\/Europeana_Professional\/Share_your_data\/Technical_requirements\/EDM_Documentation\/EDM_Definition_v5.2.7_042016.pdf. Europeana. 2016. Definition of the Europeana Data Model v5.2.7. Retrieved May 27, 2017, from http:\/\/pro.europeana.eu\/files\/Europeana_Professional\/Share_your_data\/Technical_requirements\/EDM_Documentation\/EDM_Definition_v5.2.7_042016.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-11955-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Practical Experiences with CIDOC-CRM and Its Extensions. http:\/\/ceur-ws.org\/Vol-1117\/paper2.pdf.","author":"Felicetti Achille","year":"2013","unstructured":"Achille Felicetti , Tiziana Scarselli , Maria Letizia Mancinelli , and Franco Niccolucci . 2013 . Mapping ICCD archaeological data to CIDOC-CRM: The RA schema . In Proceedings of the Workshop on Practical Experiences with CIDOC-CRM and Its Extensions. http:\/\/ceur-ws.org\/Vol-1117\/paper2.pdf. Achille Felicetti, Tiziana Scarselli, Maria Letizia Mancinelli, and Franco Niccolucci. 2013. Mapping ICCD archaeological data to CIDOC-CRM: The RA schema. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Practical Experiences with CIDOC-CRM and Its Extensions. http:\/\/ceur-ws.org\/Vol-1117\/paper2.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI 1997 Spring Symposium. 33--40","author":"Asunci\u00f3n G\u00f3mez-P\u00e9rez Mariano Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mariano Fern\u00e1ndez Asunci\u00f3n G\u00f3mez-P\u00e9rez , and Natalia Juristo . 1997 . METHONTOLOGY: From ontological art towards ontological engineering . In Proceedings of the AAAI 1997 Spring Symposium. 33--40 . Mariano Fern\u00e1ndez Asunci\u00f3n G\u00f3mez-P\u00e9rez, and Natalia Juristo. 1997. METHONTOLOGY: From ontological art towards ontological engineering. In Proceedings of the AAAI 1997 Spring Symposium. 33--40."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JCDL.2014.6970182"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions.","year":"2009","unstructured":"International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions. 2009 . Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records . Retrieved June 22, 2017, from www.ifla.org\/VII\/s13\/frbr\/frbr_2008.pdf. International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions. 2009. Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records. Retrieved June 22, 2017, from www.ifla.org\/VII\/s13\/frbr\/frbr_2008.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Isaac Antoine","year":"2011","unstructured":"Antoine Isaac , William Waites , Jeff Young , and Marcia Zeng . 2011 . Datasets, Value Vocabularies, and Metadata Element Sets . Retrieved May 28, 2017, from http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2005\/Incubator\/lld\/XGR-lld-vocabdataset\/. Antoine Isaac, William Waites, Jeff Young, and Marcia Zeng. 2011. Datasets, Value Vocabularies, and Metadata Element Sets. Retrieved May 28, 2017, from http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2005\/Incubator\/lld\/XGR-lld-vocabdataset\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Boeuf Patrick Le","year":"2015","unstructured":"Patrick Le Boeuf , Martin Doerr , Christian Emil Ore , and Stephen Stead . 2015 . Definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model . Retrieved February 10, 2017, from http:\/\/www.cidoc-crm.org\/docs\/cidoc_crm_version_6.2.1.pdf. Patrick Le Boeuf, Martin Doerr, Christian Emil Ore, and Stephen Stead. 2015. Definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model. Retrieved February 10, 2017, from http:\/\/www.cidoc-crm.org\/docs\/cidoc_crm_version_6.2.1.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Lebo Timothy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Timothy Lebo , Satya Sahoo , and Deborah McGuinness . 2013 . PROV-O: The PROV Ontology . Retrieved May 28, 2017, from https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/prov-o\/. Timothy Lebo, Satya Sahoo, and Deborah McGuinness. 2013. PROV-O: The PROV Ontology. Retrieved May 28, 2017, from https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/prov-o\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2507065.2507103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"OWL 2 Web Ontology Language: Structural Specification and Functional-Style Syntax","author":"Motik Boris","year":"2012","unstructured":"Boris Motik , Peter F. Patel-Schneider , and Bijan Parsia . 2012. OWL 2 Web Ontology Language: Structural Specification and Functional-Style Syntax ( Second Edition). W3C Recommendation 11 December 2012 . 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In Proceedings of the Workshop on Basic Ontological Issues in Knowledge Sharing. 74--82 . Mike Uschold. 1995. Towards a methodology for building ontologies. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Basic Ontological Issues in Knowledge Sharing. 74--82."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Linked Data for Libraries, Archives and Museums: How to Clean, Link and Publish Your Metadata","author":"Hooland Seth Van","unstructured":"Seth Van Hooland and Ruben Verborgh . 2014. Linked Data for Libraries, Archives and Museums: How to Clean, Link and Publish Your Metadata . American Library Association , Washington, DC . Seth Van Hooland and Ruben Verborgh. 2014. Linked Data for Libraries, Archives and Museums: How to Clean, Link and Publish Your Metadata. American Library Association, Washington, DC."}],"container-title":["Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3051487","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3051487","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T03:36:56Z","timestamp":1750217816000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3051487"}},"subtitle":["Exposing the Zeri Photo Archive as Linked Open Data"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,31]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3051487"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3051487","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-4673","1556-4711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-4673","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-4711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-04-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-01-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-07-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}