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But it is difficult for system designers to model component dependence because they may have limited information about component design details if outside suppliers designed and manufactured the components. This research intends to produce narrow system reliability bounds with a new way for system designers to consider the component dependence implicitly and automatically without knowing component design details. The proposed method is applicable for a wide range of applications where the time-dependent system stochastic load is shared by components of the system. Simulation is used to obtain the extreme value of the system load for a given period of time, and optimization is employed to estimate the system reliability bounds, which are narrower than those from the traditional method with independent component assumption and completely dependent component assumption. Examples are provided to demonstrate the proposed method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4035530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,7]],"date-time":"2017-04-07T19:33:23Z","timestamp":1491593603000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/crossmarkpolicy-asme","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Narrower System Reliability Bounds With Incomplete Component Information and Stochastic Process Loading"],"prefix":"10.1115","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 258A Toomey Hall, 400 West 13th Street, Rolla, MO 65409-0500 e-mail:"}]},{"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Conrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Design Quality, Reliability, and Testing, Hussmann Corporation, 12999 Saint Charles Rock Road, Bridgeton, MO 63044 e-mail:"}]},{"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 272 Toomey Hall, 400 West 13th Street, Rolla, MO 65409-0500 e-mail:"}]}],"member":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"2019100602042210700_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"091008","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4002200","article-title":"Design for Lifecycle Cost Using Time-Dependent Reliability","volume":"132","year":"2010","journal-title":"ASME J. 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