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Service disruption may occur during the vertical handoff because of the IP layer handoff activities, such as registration, binding update, routing table update, etc. In this paper, the network interface switching and registration process are proposed for the integrated WLAN\/cellular network. Two types of fast vertical handoff protocols based on bicasting and non\u2010bicasting supporting real\u2010time traffic, such as voice over IP, are modeled. The performance of a bicasting based handoff scheme is analyzed and compared with that of fast handoff without bicasting. Numerical results and the simulation are given to show that packet loss rate can be reduced by the bicasting during handoff scheme without increasing bandwidth on both wireless interfaces. Copyright \u00a9 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/wcm.373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,26]],"date-time":"2006-07-26T13:25:08Z","timestamp":1153920308000},"page":"581-594","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Air interface switching and performance analysis for fast vertical handoff in cellular network and WLAN interworking"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Minghui","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xuemin (Sherman)","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jon W.","family":"Mark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Aladdin","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","unstructured":"LoredoCS deGrimaldoSW.Wireless LANs: global trends in the workplace and public domain.The Strategies Group Feb.2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2004.1351677"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"503","article-title":"Integration of 802.11 and third\u2010generation wireless data networks","volume":"1","author":"Buddhikot M","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proceedings of IEEE Infocom 2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"PerkinsC.IP mobility support for IPv4.IETF RFC 3220 Jan.2002.","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc3220"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JohnsonD PerkinsC ArkkoJ.Mobility support in IPv6.IETF RFC 3775 2004.","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc3775"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2002.800632"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/35.486807"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/49.391749"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GudmundsonM.Analysis of handover algorithms.Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference '91May1991;537\u2013542.","DOI":"10.1109\/VETEC.1991.140549"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","unstructured":"ChuahC\u2010N YatesRD.Evaluation of a minimum power handoff algorithm.Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communication (PIMRC) '95 September1995;814\u2013818."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/98.839330"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","unstructured":"KoodliR et al.Fast handoffs for mobile IPv6.draft\u2010ietf\u2010mobileip\u2010fast\u2010mipv6\u201307.txt IETF Draft September2003."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","unstructured":"MalkiKE SolimanH.Simultaneous bindings for mobile IPv6 fast handoffs.draft\u2010elmalki\u2010mobileip\u2010bicasting\u2010v6\u201003 IETF Draft October2003."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MockapetrisP.Domain names\u2014implementation and specification.IETF RFC 1035 November1987.","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc1035"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RigneyC et al.Remote authentication dial in user service (RADIUS).RFC 2865 June2000.","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc2865"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AbodaB CalhounP.RADIUS (remote authentication dial in user service) support for extensible authentication protocol (EAP).RFC3579 September2003.","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc3579"}],"container-title":["Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fwcm.373","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/wcm.373","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T02:51:12Z","timestamp":1736477472000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/wcm.373"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,26]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/wcm.373"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wcm.373","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1530-8669"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1530-8677"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,26]]}}}