{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T22:43:28Z","timestamp":1770331408440,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]],"date-time":"2020-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"DATAS for Cities","award":["438-15-507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["438-15-507"]}]},{"name":"Physical Internet Reisbeurzenprogramma","award":["439-17-703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["439-17-703"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Networks"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rapid urban growth, the increasing importance of e\u2010commerce and high consumer service expectations have given rise to new and innovative models for freight delivery within urban environments. <jats:italic>Crowdsourced<\/jats:italic> solutions\u2014where drivers are not employed by a carrier but occasionally offer their services through on\u2010line platforms and are contracted as required by carriers\u2014are receiving growing attention from industry. We consider a crowdsourced system where drivers express their availability to perform delivery tasks for a given period of time and the platform communicates a schedule with requests to serve. We investigate the potential benefits of introducing transfers to support driver activities. At transfer locations, drivers can drop off packages for pick up by other drivers at a later time. We frame the problem as a multidepot pickup and delivery problem with time windows and transfers, and propose an adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm that effectively identifies beneficial transfer opportunities and synchronizes driver operations. Computational experiments indicate that introducing transfer options can significantly reduce system\u2010wide travel distance as well as the number of drivers required to serve a given set of requests, especially when drivers have short availability and requests have high service requirements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/net.21963","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]],"date-time":"2020-07-10T15:20:21Z","timestamp":1594394421000},"page":"232-255","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Delivery systems with crowd\u2010sourced drivers: A pickup and delivery problem with transfers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Afonso","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Industrial Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology  Eindhoven Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Savelsbergh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology  Atlanta Georgia USA"}]},{"given":"Lucas P.","family":"Veelenturf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Industrial Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology  Eindhoven Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Van Woensel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Industrial Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology  Eindhoven Netherlands"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2016.03.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2017.0803"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2018.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11750-007-0009-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2009.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12544-017-0256-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-30337-6_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2016.1173258"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10696-016-9273-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2009.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2019.04.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","article-title":"Crowdshipping and same\u2010day delivery: Employing in\u2010store customers to deliver online orders","author":"Dayarian I.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optim. 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