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We propose a contextual framework to improve the granularity and usability of the existing methodology for interdisciplinary knowledge flow (IKF) in which scientific disciplines import and export knowledge from\/to other disciplines. To characterize the knowledge exchange between disciplines, we recognize three aspects of IKF under this framework, namely broadness, intensity, and homogeneity. We show how to utilize them to uncover different forms of interdisciplinarity, especially between disciplines with the largest volume of IKF. We apply this framework in two use cases, one at the level of disciplines and one at the level of journals, to show how it can offer a more holistic and detailed viewpoint on the interdisciplinarity of scientific entities than aggregated and context\u2010unaware indicators. We further compare our proposed framework, an indicating process, with established indicators and discuss how such information tools on interdisciplinarity can assist science policy practices such as performance\u2010based research funding systems and panel\u2010based peer review processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.24829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T08:14:10Z","timestamp":1693210450000},"page":"1325-1340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Towards indicating interdisciplinarity: Characterizing interdisciplinary knowledge flow"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8250-5875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for R&amp;D Monitoring (ECOOM), Faculty of Social Sciences University of Antwerp, Middelheimlaan  Antwerp Belgium"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3129-0330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raf","family":"Guns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for R&amp;D Monitoring (ECOOM), Faculty of Social Sciences University of Antwerp, Middelheimlaan  Antwerp Belgium"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4869-7949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim C. 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