Brick of the Week: Brick Fans

Brick of the Week: laying it down, one at a time.

Clockwise from left: iron-spot brick, in a diaper-work pattern, at the Church of the Holy Trinity on East 88th Street; the slender Roman brick often seen on Park Avenue, as here at No. 960; and a section of the crazy quilt of clinker brick that adorns the ground floor of 405 East 54th Street. (Original caption: Christopher Gray, The New York Times; photos: Chang W. Lee, The New York Times.)

Clockwise from left: iron-spot brick, in a diaper-work pattern, at the Church of the Holy Trinity on East 88th Street; the slender Roman brick often seen on Park Avenue, as here at No. 960; and a section of the crazy quilt of clinker brick that adorns the ground floor of 405 East 54th Street. (Tremendous apologies due to and original caption by: Christopher Gray, The New York Times; photos: Chang W. Lee, The New York Times.)

This time, BOTW cheats a little.

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Cross that Bridge… : Outerbridge Crossing, Goethals, and Bayonne Bridges to Get Upgrades

Octogenarian bridges need love, too.

Yesterday brought an announcement that the eighty-four-year-old Outerbridge Crossing and eighty-one-year-old Bayonne Bridge will get improvements in the next few years, and that the “functionally obsolete,” eighty-four-year-old Goethals Bridge will be replaced entirely with a new structure by 2018.

Before they resurface the roadway on the span named after Eugenius Harvey Outerbridge, raise the deck on Othmar Ammann and Cass Gilbert‘s arched beauty, and demolish the bridge perhaps most famous for its cameo in The Sopranos‘ opening credits, here’s my tribute to the trio.

Goethals Bridge

Goethals Bridge. (photo: Dave Frieder.)

Goethals Bridge.
(photo: Dave Frieder.)

Named after General George Washington Goethals—child of Flemish immigrants, military officer, and civil engineer best known for his supervision of the Panama Canal’s construction—the Goethals Bridge was designed by John Alexander Low Waddell, and opened on June 29, 1928, after three years’ construction.

Undated postcard. (photo: NYPL Digital Gallery.)

Undated postcard. Makes me think of Fitzgerald’s descriptions of Queens.
(photo: NYPL Digital Gallery.)

View from Staten Island. (photo: Library of Congress)

View from Staten Island, Historic American Engineering Record.
(photo: Library of Congress)

Below is the proposed design for the new bridge, with construction set to begin at the end of 2013. Among other things, the design promises to restore the pedestrian path.

Proposed new Goethals Bridge. (photo: Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.)

Proposed new Goethals Bridge.
(photo: Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.)

For more on Goethals and the Port Authority’s proposal (including more snazzy renderings), click here.

Outerbridge Crossing

Outerbridge in the 1930s. (photo: Ewing Galloway, NYPL Digital Gallery.)

Outerbridge in the 1930s.
(photo: Ewing Galloway, NYPL Digital Gallery.)

Perhaps it’s not coincidental, after all, that the Goethals Bridge and Outerbridge Crossing look so similar: they shared a supervising engineer! Named after the first chairman of the Port of New York Authority (now PANYNJ), this bridge is the southernmost crossing in New York state. Opened on the same day as Goethals, a $15.3 million roadway resurfacing job will begin on Outerbridge soon.

Undated postcard (showing the wilds of Jersey?) (photo: NYPL Digital Gallery.)

Undated postcard (showing the wilds of Jersey?)
(photo: NYPL Digital Gallery.)

Detail, trusswork. (photo: Dave Frieder.)

Detail, trusswork.
(photo: Dave Frieder.)

Bayonne Bridge

The "new" Bayonne Bridge, ca. 1930s. They used to give these out with cigarettes, kids! (photo: NYPL Digital Gallery.)

The “new” Bayonne Bridge, ca. 1930s. They used to give these out with cigarettes, kids!
(photo: NYPL Digital Gallery.)

The baby of the trio, the Bayonne Bridge was designed by dynamic duo Ammann and Gilbert, the same team who gave us the George Washington Bridge (which also opened the same year, in 1931). A National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark (on the same list as the Brooklyn Bridge, Washington Monument, Goodyear Airdock, and Hoover Dam), Bayonne currently presents a spatial problem for colossal cargo ships, exemplified in 2012, when a mast barely scraped by—er, under—the bridge. To better accommodate the growing number—and size—of these mammoth vessels (seen below), engineers will raise the Bridge’s roadway at a cost of $1.29 billion. —As long as aliens don’t destroy it again.

A common sight: cargo ship passes under the Bridge. (photo: Library of Congress)

A common sight: cargo ship passes under the Bridge.
(photo: Library of Congress)

Photo by FS Lincoln. (photo: NYPL Digital Gallery.)

A vertiginous view of the pedestrian path. Photo by FS Lincoln.
(photo: NYPL Digital Gallery.)

Birds'-eye view over Staten Island. (photo: Library of Congress.)

Birds’-eye view over Staten Island.
(photo: Library of Congress.)

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Pedestrian path view of the arch.
(photo: Library of Congress.)

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Detail, arch trusswork, Historic American Engineering Record.
(photo: Library of Congress)

Suspender ropes, sockets, and rivets, Bayonne Bridge. (photo: Dave Frieder.)

Suspender ropes, sockets, and rivets.
(photo: Dave Frieder.)

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Concrete footings, Bayonne.
(photo: Library of Congress.)

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The span, Historic American Engineering Record.
(photo: Library of Congress.)

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View from Staten Island, ca. 1960s?
(photo: Library of Congress)

As always, SBS will bring you updates on these bridges as their stories develop, no matter how people choose to pronounce “Goethals” … or if they rename it, for that matter.

Woolworth Turns 100!

The “Cathedral of Commerce” turns 100 today!

Ceremoniously, on this day in history —and in a moment that foreshadowed successive long-distance “illuminations” to the present day—President Woodrow Wilson pressed a button in Washington, D. C., and the Woolworth Building in New York City lit up, its 5,000 or so windows ablaze in electric light.

Today, the terra cotta-clad beauty marks her centennial. Lest I get carried away rehashing the prose of revered architectural historians, I present a photographic love letter to the skyscraper. Please to enjoy. (All images © Library of Congress, unless otherwise noted.)

Cass Gilbert's sketch, 1910.

Cass Gilbert’s sketch, 1910.

Study, TR Johnson, 1911.

Study, TR Johnson, 1911.

February 1912

February 1912

April, 1912.

April, 1912.

Nearing completion (with Municipal Building in background).

Nearing completion (with Municipal Building in background).

July, 1912.

July, 1912.

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See the Manhattan Bridge in the background?
(photo: ephemeralny.com)

Workers defy gravity. (photo: ephemeralny.com)

Workers defy gravity.
(photo: ephemeralny.com)

 

1913.

1913.

1914. (photo: tribecacitizen.com)

1914.
(photo: tribecacitizen.com)

1913.

1913.

1926. (photo: oldhistoricphotos.com)

1926.
(photo: oldhistoricphotos.com)

 

Crave more on Woolworth? Read on …

Skyscraper Museum’s “Woolworth @ 100”

Open House New York’s “Field Trip” to Woolworth

Woolworth Week! (why didn’t I know about this before now?)

Balthazar Korab (1926–2013)

(photo: Christian M. Korab)

Balthazar Korab. (photo: Christian M. Korab)

“I knew that once it got really dark, he’d stop and say, ‘Let’s go have dinner.’ ” —Monica Korab, on traveling with her husband, photographer Balthazar Korab.

In 2006, my summer internship led me to work on a book about the preservation of modern architecture, a tome on the history of and conservation challenges affecting midcentury masterpieces. Continue reading